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<DIV dir=ltr>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV>Друзья, <BR></DIV>
<DIV>в тему - если я правильно понимаю - бесплодного окончания СОР-29.
<BR></DIV>
<DIV>Два сообщения, которые при поверхностном просмотре (я не специалист)
показались мне очень интересными. </DIV>
<DIV>Может быть, кто-то - вникнув - поделится с сообществом.</DIV>
<DIV>Свет </DIV>
<DIV><BR> </DIV>
<DIV>
<DIV class=gmail_quote>
<DIV dir=ltr class=gmail_attr>От: <B dir=auto class=gmail_sendername>'rob de
laet' via The Proud Holobionts</B> <SPAN dir=auto><<A
href="mailto:theproudholobionts@googlegroups.com">theproudholobionts@googlegroups.com</A>></SPAN><BR>Date:
пт, 22 нояб. 2024 г. в 10:39<BR>Subject: Re: [Holobionts] Record heat goes
on<BR><SPAN
id=m_-3455323381056750800ydpb66d67dcdocs-internal-guid-e4eeff1c-7fff-1c0a-5af0-ca059320d7f7><SPAN
style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; FONT-FAMILY: Calibri,sans-serif; COLOR: rgb(38,40,42); FONT-SIZE: 12pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline"></SPAN></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV dir=ltr class=gmail_attr><SPAN><SPAN
style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; FONT-FAMILY: Calibri,sans-serif; COLOR: rgb(38,40,42); FONT-SIZE: 12pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline"></SPAN></SPAN> </DIV>
<DIV dir=ltr class=gmail_attr><SPAN><SPAN
style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; FONT-FAMILY: Calibri,sans-serif; COLOR: rgb(38,40,42); FONT-SIZE: 12pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline"></SPAN></SPAN> </DIV>
<DIV dir=ltr class=gmail_attr><SPAN><SPAN
style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; FONT-FAMILY: Calibri,sans-serif; COLOR: rgb(38,40,42); FONT-SIZE: 12pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline">Hi
Dorota and everybody, </SPAN></DIV>
<DIV>
<DIV style="FONT-FAMILY: verdana,helvetica,sans-serif; FONT-SIZE: 13px">
<DIV>
<DIV dir=ltr>
<DIV>
<DIV style="LINE-HEIGHT: 1.2; MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt"><SPAN
style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; FONT-FAMILY: Calibri,sans-serif; COLOR: rgb(38,40,42); FONT-SIZE: 12pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline"><BR></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="LINE-HEIGHT: 1.2; MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt"><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: Calibri,sans-serif; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline">In
the 5th Report of IPCC on the page 666 is written:</SPAN><SPAN
style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; FONT-FAMILY: Calibri,sans-serif; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline">
Myhre et al. 2013 </SPAN></DIV>
<P
style="PADDING-BOTTOM: 10pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.2; MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; PADDING-LEFT: 0pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 0pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt; PADDING-TOP: 0pt"
dir=ltr><SPAN
style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; FONT-STYLE: italic; FONT-FAMILY: Calibri,sans-serif; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline">‘’As
the largest contributor to the natural greenhouse effect, water vapor plays an
essential role in the Earth’s climate. However, the amount of water vapor in the
atmosphere is controlled mostly by air temperature, rather than by emissions.
For that reason, scientists consider it a feedback agent, rather than a forcing
to climate change. Anthropogenic emissions of water vapor through irrigation or
power plant cooling have a negligible impact on the global climate“.</SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 1.2; MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt" dir=ltr><SPAN
style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; FONT-FAMILY: Calibri,sans-serif; COLOR: rgb(38,40,42); FONT-SIZE: 12pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline; FONT-WEIGHT: 700">This
is blatantly wrong! </SPAN><SPAN
style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; FONT-FAMILY: Calibri,sans-serif; COLOR: rgb(38,40,42); FONT-SIZE: 12pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline">The
climatologists may need years to figure this out, but we do not have that time
left. When water vapor condenses to form clouds, it releases latent heat that is
radiated back into space, in large part through the atmospheric window. Also,
the clouds increase the Earth's albedo, reflecting sunlight and creating a
cooling effect. This dual influence (and there are more, such as the tropopause
heating up and the low Bowen ratio over forests, making GHGs ineffective,
lowering their climate sensitivity!) makes water a major cooling forcing of the
climate through phase change! </SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 1.2; MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt"
dir=ltr><BR></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 1.2; MARGIN-TOP: 12pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 12pt" dir=ltr><SPAN
style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; FONT-FAMILY: Calibri,sans-serif; COLOR: rgb(38,40,42); FONT-SIZE: 12pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline">Peter
Bunyard and Rob de Laet, co-authors of the article: ‘’Restoring the earth’s
damaged temperature regulation is the fastest way out of the climate crisis -
cooling the planet with plants’’</SPAN><SPAN
style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; FONT-FAMILY: Calibri,sans-serif; COLOR: rgb(38,40,42); FONT-SIZE: 12pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline">
calculated the temperature fingerprint of the earlier record drought in the
Amazon in 2005, which was in a neutral year where temperatures were not affected
by either El Nino or La Nina, and came out at a value of 0.24°C and lo and
behold, there is a spike in global temperatures at the end of that year of
roughly that magnitude, indicating that our calculations about the cooling power
of the rainforests may well be close to the truth. </SPAN></P><BR>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 1.2; MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt" dir=ltr><SPAN
style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; FONT-FAMILY: Calibri,sans-serif; COLOR: rgb(38,40,42); FONT-SIZE: 12pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline; FONT-WEIGHT: 700"><SPAN
style="BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; MIN-HEIGHT: 368px; WIDTH: 653px; DISPLAY: inline-block; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: medium none"><IMG
style="MARGIN-TOP: 0px; WIDTH: 653px; MAX-WIDTH: 800px; MARGIN-LEFT: 0px"
src="https://lh7-rt.googleusercontent.com/docsz/AD_4nXeNlsu1RBUvon1X-aU8C0GeXMMTPeNR_60hPHCXEuKQ3bQSHIJ0msSnfLEwj2y0FLDSRGoWZFHZ1qlYin5V3Ph7lxgmnWkfbo6DpOhWNHjiV7XYw8EyLh2D0LO_16_kiji4Q9GkRz5mls4W5hAO8ekKIfY6?key=2OhKgtCIZKOn3F5IrKs29A"></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<DIV style="LINE-HEIGHT: 1.2; MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt"><SPAN
style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; FONT-FAMILY: Calibri,sans-serif; COLOR: rgb(38,40,42); FONT-SIZE: 12pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline">Based
on this, while the final data are not in yet, we can estimate that the
additional global warming caused by the 2023 and 2024 droughts in the Amazon
combined, could add about 0.4°C to global temperatures. Although there are more
factors affecting yearly variations, the largest short term variation is
typically caused by the ENSO (El Nino Southern Oscillation). During El Niño
years, global temperatures usually increase by approximately 0.1 °C to 0.2 °C,
whereas during La Niña years, they generally decrease by about the same amount.
In 2023 we had an El Nino, and now when this article is written (first week
October 2024), we are in the neutral phase going into a weak La Nina. So the
total drought signature minus the ENSO variation would probably be around +
0.1 °C compared to the start of the drought in 2023.</SPAN><SPAN
style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; FONT-FAMILY: Calibri,sans-serif; COLOR: rgb(38,40,42); FONT-SIZE: 12pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline">
In the chart below you see that despite coming out of an El Nino, the
temperatures in 2024 track those of 2023 closely and it would be logical that,
depending on the strength of the La Nina the end 2024 temperatures could equal
those of 2023 or even above, despite the flip of the ENSO, which normally would
decrease global temperatures by between 0.2 and 0.4 °C. On 29 October 2024 the
global temperature anomaly compared to the 1979-2000 average was 1.41 °C and
around 2-2.1 °C</SPAN><SPAN
style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; FONT-FAMILY: Calibri,sans-serif; COLOR: rgb(38,40,42); FONT-SIZE: 12pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline">
above the pre-industrial baseline.</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="LINE-HEIGHT: 1.2; MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt"><SPAN
style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; FONT-FAMILY: Calibri,sans-serif; COLOR: rgb(38,40,42); FONT-SIZE: 12pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline"><BR></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="LINE-HEIGHT: 1.2; MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt" dir=ltr><SPAN
style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; FONT-FAMILY: Calibri,sans-serif; COLOR: rgb(38,40,42); FONT-SIZE: 12pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline">A
few weeks later, we see that global temperatures have come down by about 0.4 C,
compared to 2023, see chart below. During the droughts, the biotic pump had
collapsed, the rivers were so low that the trees could not suck water to
properly photosynthesize and evapotranspire. This gave immediate increase in
temperatures and also the heat over the tropical Atlantic was not transported to
the Amazon. Maybe 70% of rain over the Amazon is recycled moisture from
evapotranspiration, the rest is moisture blown in from the trade winds. Right
now, with the <SPAN>shift in the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ),
which brings moisture, rains have returned to the southern Amazon and a weak
biotic pump is reappearing. So the airconditioner is functioning a bit
again.</SPAN></SPAN></DIV><BR>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 1.2; MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt" dir=ltr><IMG
style="WIDTH: 100%; MAX-WIDTH: 800px" title="Inline image" alt="Inline image"
src="cid:0470864EC8284C539D85E8B8E965C407@lewpostnew"><BR><SPAN></SPAN></P>
<DIV><BR></DIV>
<P></P>If we keep on focusing only on carbon and don't include the cooiing
capacity of forests and especially the tropical rainforests in the models, we
will misdiagnose a large part of the heating up of the planet and go on hacking
away at our airconditioners while staring at the Keeling
curve. </SPAN></DIV><BR></DIV>
<DIV dir=ltr>Best,</DIV>
<DIV><BR></DIV>
<DIV>
<DIV style="FONT-FAMILY: verdana,helvetica,sans-serif; FONT-SIZE: 13px"
dir=ltr><SPAN></SPAN><SPAN></SPAN><SPAN></SPAN>
<DIV>
<DIV style="FONT-FAMILY: verdana,helvetica,sans-serif" dir=ltr>
<DIV>
<DIV style="FONT-FAMILY: verdana,helvetica,sans-serif; COLOR: rgb(0,0,0)"
dir=ltr><SPAN><I><A
style="COLOR: rgb(25,106,212); text-decoration-line: underline"
href="https://www.linkedin.com/in/robdelaet/" shape=rect
rel="noreferrer noopener" target=_blank>Rob de Laet</A> </I></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="FONT-FAMILY: verdana,helvetica,sans-serif; COLOR: rgb(0,0,0)"
dir=ltr><I><A href="https://www.ecorestorationalliance.org/"
rel="noreferrer noopener" target=_blank>Member of the EcoRestoration
Alliance</A><BR></I></DIV>
<DIV style="FONT-FAMILY: verdana,helvetica,sans-serif; COLOR: rgb(0,0,0)"
dir=ltr><I><A href="https://www.evergreening.org/" rel="noreferrer noopener"
target=_blank>Fellow of Global Evergreening Alliance</A><BR></I></DIV>
<DIV style="FONT-FAMILY: verdana,helvetica,sans-serif; COLOR: rgb(0,0,0)"
dir=ltr><I><A href="https://senangecoservices.com/" rel="noreferrer noopener"
target=_blank>Co-founder of Senang Eco Services</A><BR></I></DIV>
<DIV style="FONT-FAMILY: verdana,helvetica,sans-serif; COLOR: rgb(0,0,0)"
dir=ltr><I>WhatsApp: +55 71 992617846</I></DIV>
<DIV style="FONT-FAMILY: verdana,helvetica,sans-serif; COLOR: rgb(0,0,0)"
dir=ltr><I><BR></I></DIV></DIV><BR></DIV>
<DIV><I><BR></I></DIV></DIV><BR></DIV></DIV></DIV>
<DIV><BR></DIV>
<DIV><BR></DIV></DIV>
<DIV id=m_-3455323381056750800ydpa83213a5yahoo_quoted_2277644505>
<DIV
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Helvetica Neue',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif; COLOR: #26282a; FONT-SIZE: 13px">
<DIV>On Friday 22 November 2024 at 08:15:27 CET, 'Dorota Retelska' via The Proud
Holobionts <<A href="mailto:theproudholobionts@googlegroups.com"
target=_blank>theproudholobionts@googlegroups.com</A>> wrote: </DIV>
<DIV><BR></DIV>
<DIV><BR></DIV>
<DIV>
<DIV id=m_-3455323381056750800ydpa83213a5yiv2136296139>
<DIV>
<DIV
style="FONT-FAMILY: Helvetica Neue,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif; FONT-SIZE: 16px">
<DIV></DIV>
<DIV dir=ltr>Dear All,</DIV>
<DIV dir=ltr><BR></DIV>
<DIV dir=ltr>Thanks for the Berkeley Earth update. We're at the end of El Nino,
temperatures should go down but they don't, they're stay extremely high and
might even keep climbing,</DIV>
<DIV dir=ltr><BR></DIV>
<DIV dir=ltr>It's very worrisome. Several scientists, James E. Hansen, the WMO
and Johan Rockström noted that the global warming accelerates, James E. Hansen
calculated that at current warming pace will reach 2°C in 2040 and then, in
2023, exhausted ecosystems emitted CO2 in fires and in total absorbed less CO2
which might lead to a further acceleration. Climate change might worsen
fast. Forests are a great idea, they also store carbon in fertile
soil, </DIV>
<DIV dir=ltr><BR></DIV>
<DIV dir=ltr>Best,</DIV>
<DIV dir=ltr><BR></DIV>
<DIV dir=ltr>Dorota Retelska, Ph.D. </DIV>
<DIV><BR></DIV></DIV>
<DIV id=m_-3455323381056750800ydpa83213a5yiv2136296139yahoo_quoted_2404401825>
<DIV
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Helvetica Neue',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif; COLOR: #26282a; FONT-SIZE: 13px">
<DIV>Le vendredi 22 novembre 2024 à 08:02:15 UTC+1, Tarcisio Bonotto <<A
href="mailto:tarcisio.bonotto@gmail.com"
target=_blank>tarcisio.bonotto@gmail.com</A>> a écrit : </DIV>
<DIV><BR></DIV>
<DIV><BR></DIV>
<DIV>
<DIV id=m_-3455323381056750800ydpa83213a5yiv2136296139>
<DIV>
<DIV><SPAN
style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: rgb(255,255,255); FONT-FAMILY: roboto,arial,sans-serif; COLOR: rgb(77,81,86); FONT-SIZE: small">It
is true that from 10,000 years ago to today, approximately 2 billion hectares of
forest have disappeared. In addition to our emissions, this has raised global
temperatures. Europe has around 6% of global CO2 emissions, even if they went to
zero, we would only have solved 1% of the world's warming problems. Why, in
addition to reducing emissions, not think about restoring millions of hectares
of forests?</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV><SPAN
style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: rgb(255,255,255); FONT-FAMILY: roboto,arial,sans-serif; COLOR: rgb(77,81,86); FONT-SIZE: small"><BR
clear=none></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV><SPAN
style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: rgb(255,255,255); FONT-FAMILY: roboto,arial,sans-serif; COLOR: rgb(77,81,86); FONT-SIZE: small">Tarcisio</SPAN></DIV><BR
clear=none>
<DIV id=m_-3455323381056750800ydpa83213a5yiv2136296139yqt16562>
<DIV>
<DIV dir=ltr>Il ven 22 nov 2024, 05:14 Matias Schüttenberg <<A
href="mailto:matschutt@gmail.com" shape=rect rel="noreferrer noopener"
target=_blank>matschutt@gmail.com</A>> ha scritto:<BR clear=none></DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE
style="BORDER-LEFT: #ccc 1px solid; MARGIN: 0px 0px 0px 0.8ex; PADDING-LEFT: 1ex">
<DIV></DIV><BR clear=none>
<DIV>
<DIV dir=ltr>---------- Forwarded message ---------<BR clear=none>From:
<B>Berkeley Earth</B> <SPAN><<A href="mailto:admin@berkeleyearth.org"
shape=rect rel="noreferrer noopener"
target=_blank>admin@berkeleyearth.org</A>></SPAN><BR clear=none>Date: Thu,
Nov 21, 2024, 17:51<BR clear=none>Subject: October 2024 Temperature Update<BR
clear=none>To: <<A href="mailto:matschutt@gmail.com" shape=rect
rel="noreferrer noopener" target=_blank>matschutt@gmail.com</A>><BR
clear=none></DIV><BR clear=none><BR clear=none><U></U>
<DIV
style="PADDING-BOTTOM: 0px; MARGIN: 0px; MIN-HEIGHT: 100%; PADDING-LEFT: 0px; WIDTH: 100%; PADDING-RIGHT: 0px; PADDING-TOP: 0px"><SPAN
style="LINE-HEIGHT: 0px; MIN-HEIGHT: 0px; DISPLAY: none; MAX-WIDTH: 0px; FONT-SIZE: 0px">With
two months remaining, 2024 is nearly certain to finish as the warmest year on
record.</SPAN>
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<LI><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: lato,helvetica neue,helvetica,arial,sans-serif"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 14px">Findings from our <A
style="COLOR: #007c89; FONT-WEIGHT: normal; TEXT-DECORATION: underline"
shape=rect rel="noreferrer noopener">October
2024 </A>Temperature Update</SPAN></SPAN>
<LI><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: lato,helvetica neue,helvetica,arial,sans-serif"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 14px">A new paper in
<I>Nature </I>evaluates the <A
style="COLOR: #007c89; FONT-WEIGHT: normal; TEXT-DECORATION: underline"
href="#m_-3455323381056750800_m_-9118135271595882102_m_-3103837222558232624_m_5074481175410572119_bias"
shape=rect
rel="noreferrer noopener">cold-bias</A> in the
early 20th-century ocean temp
record</SPAN></SPAN>
<LI><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: lato,helvetica neue,helvetica,arial,sans-serif"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 14px">New research from
Berkeley Earth at the <A
style="COLOR: #007c89; FONT-WEIGHT: normal; TEXT-DECORATION: underline"
href="#m_-3455323381056750800_m_-9118135271595882102_m_-3103837222558232624_m_5074481175410572119_agu"
shape=rect rel="noreferrer noopener">AGU
conference</A> in December</SPAN></SPAN>
<LI><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: lato,helvetica neue,helvetica,arial,sans-serif"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 14px">Join us in advancing
open data by <A
style="COLOR: #007c89; FONT-WEIGHT: normal; TEXT-DECORATION: underline"
href="#m_-3455323381056750800_m_-9118135271595882102_m_-3103837222558232624_m_5074481175410572119_donate"
shape=rect
rel="noreferrer noopener">supporting Berkeley
Earth</A> in your end-of-year
giving.</SPAN></SPAN></LI></UL></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>
<TABLE
style="MIN-WIDTH: 100%; BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse; TABLE-LAYOUT: fixed !important"
border=0 cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 width="100%">
<TBODY>
<TR>
<TD
style="MIN-WIDTH: 100%; PADDING-BOTTOM: 18px; PADDING-LEFT: 18px; PADDING-RIGHT: 18px; PADDING-TOP: 18px">
<TABLE
style="MIN-WIDTH: 100%; BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse; BORDER-TOP: #eaeaea 2px solid"
border=0 cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 width="100%">
<TBODY>
<TR>
<TD><SPAN></SPAN></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>
<TABLE
style="MIN-WIDTH: 100%; BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse; TABLE-LAYOUT: fixed !important"
border=0 cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 width="100%">
<TBODY>
<TR>
<TD
style="MIN-WIDTH: 100%; PADDING-BOTTOM: 18px; PADDING-LEFT: 18px; PADDING-RIGHT: 18px; PADDING-TOP: 18px">
<TABLE
style="MIN-WIDTH: 100%; BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse; BORDER-TOP: #eaeaea 2px solid"
border=0 cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 width="100%">
<TBODY>
<TR>
<TD><SPAN></SPAN></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>
<TABLE style="MIN-WIDTH: 100%; BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse"
border=0 cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 width="100%">
<TBODY>
<TR>
<TD style="PADDING-TOP: 9px" vAlign=top>
<TABLE
style="MIN-WIDTH: 100%; BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse; MAX-WIDTH: 100%; FLOAT: left"
border=0 cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 width="100%"
align=left>
<TBODY>
<TR>
<TD
style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; PADDING-BOTTOM: 9px; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; PADDING-LEFT: 18px; PADDING-RIGHT: 18px; FONT-FAMILY: Helvetica; COLOR: #757575; FONT-SIZE: 16px; PADDING-TOP: 0px"
vAlign=top>
<DIV style="TEXT-ALIGN: center"><SPAN
style="COLOR: #696969"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 18px"><B><A
style="COLOR: #007c89; FONT-WEIGHT: normal; TEXT-DECORATION: underline"
shape=rect rel="noreferrer noopener"></A>October
2024 Temperature Update:<BR clear=none>2024 on
track to be another record-setting
year</B></SPAN></SPAN><BR
clear=none> </DIV></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>
<TABLE style="BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse" border=0
cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 width="100%">
<TBODY>
<TR>
<TD
style="PADDING-BOTTOM: 9px; PADDING-LEFT: 9px; PADDING-RIGHT: 9px; PADDING-TOP: 9px"
vAlign=top>
<TABLE style="BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse; FLOAT: left"
border=0 cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 align=left>
<TBODY>
<TR>
<TD
style="PADDING-BOTTOM: 9px; PADDING-LEFT: 9px; PADDING-RIGHT: 9px; PADDING-TOP: 0px"
vAlign=top align=middle><A title=""
href="#m_-3455323381056750800_m_-9118135271595882102_m_-3103837222558232624_m_5074481175410572119_"
shape=rect rel="noreferrer noopener"><IMG
style="BORDER-BOTTOM: 0px; BORDER-LEFT: 0px; OUTLINE-STYLE: none; OUTLINE-COLOR: invert; OUTLINE-WIDTH: medium; WIDTH: 564px; MAX-WIDTH: 800px; VERTICAL-ALIGN: bottom; BORDER-TOP: 0px; BORDER-RIGHT: 0px; TEXT-DECORATION: none; border-radius: 1%"
alt=""
src="https://mcusercontent.com/4de28539c497455e2b1c4f0d1/images/34596d46-bf06-fcaf-7fa2-4f848d71a025.png">
</A></TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD
style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0px; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; PADDING-LEFT: 9px; PADDING-RIGHT: 9px; FONT-FAMILY: Helvetica; COLOR: #757575; FONT-SIZE: 16px; PADDING-TOP: 0px"
vAlign=top width=564><BR clear=none><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 14px"><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: lato,helvetica neue,helvetica,arial,sans-serif">Globally,
October 2024 was nominally the second warmest
October since directly measured instrumental
records began in 1850. October 2024 was measured
as 1.69 ± 0.09 °C (3.04 ± 0.17 °F) above the
corresponding 1850-1900 average. This is 0.02 °C
(0.04 °F) cooler than the October 2023 record,
but as this difference is much smaller than the
corresponding uncertainty, October 2024 was
effectively tied with 2023 for the warmest
October. All other October averages prior to
2023 have been at least 0.25 °C (0.45 °F)
cooler.</SPAN></SPAN><BR clear=none><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 14px"><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: lato,helvetica neue,helvetica,arial,sans-serif"></SPAN></SPAN>
<DIV style="TEXT-ALIGN: center"> </DIV><A
style="COLOR: #007c89; FONT-WEIGHT: normal; TEXT-DECORATION: underline"
href="#m_-3455323381056750800_m_-9118135271595882102_m_-3103837222558232624_m_5074481175410572119_"
shape=rect rel="noreferrer noopener"><IMG
style="MARGIN: 0px; OUTLINE-STYLE: none; OUTLINE-COLOR: invert; OUTLINE-WIDTH: medium; WIDTH: 600px; MAX-WIDTH: 600px; TEXT-DECORATION: none"
src="https://mcusercontent.com/4de28539c497455e2b1c4f0d1/images/9b82b118-3f11-e53d-c064-3692eacc0eb1.png"></A>
<DIV style="TEXT-ALIGN: left">
<P
style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0px; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 10px 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 0px; PADDING-RIGHT: 0px; FONT-FAMILY: Helvetica; COLOR: #757575; FONT-SIZE: 16px; PADDING-TOP: 0px"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 14px"><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: lato,helvetica neue,helvetica,arial,sans-serif">Sixteen
of the last seventeen months have set or
effectively tied the monthly global temperature
record, with only September 2024 serving as an
exception. In addition, October 2024 marks the
sixteenth consecutive month at least 1.5 °C
warmer than the corresponding 1850 to 1900
monthly average.<BR clear=none><BR
clear=none>The 12-month moving average of global
mean temperature now stands at 1.64 ± 0.07 °C
(2.95 ± 0.13 °F) above the 1850-1900 average. We
are likely at or near the peak for this warming
event, as relative cooling is expected soon
following the recent end of El
Niño.</SPAN></SPAN><BR
clear=none> </P></DIV>
<DIV style="TEXT-ALIGN: center"><A
style="COLOR: #007c89; FONT-WEIGHT: normal; TEXT-DECORATION: underline"
href="#m_-3455323381056750800_m_-9118135271595882102_m_-3103837222558232624_m_5074481175410572119_"
shape=rect rel="noreferrer noopener"><IMG
style="MARGIN: 0px; OUTLINE-STYLE: none; OUTLINE-COLOR: invert; OUTLINE-WIDTH: medium; WIDTH: 600px; MAX-WIDTH: 800px; TEXT-DECORATION: none"
src="https://mcusercontent.com/4de28539c497455e2b1c4f0d1/images/ba276cc5-f481-b1de-cdba-8834d122402c.png"></A></DIV>
<DIV style="TEXT-ALIGN: left"><BR
clear=none><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14px"><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: lato,helvetica neue,helvetica,arial,sans-serif">One
of the Paris Agreement ambitions has been to
limit global warming to no more than 1.5 °C (2.7
°F) above the preindustrial baseline. That goal
is defined in reference to the average climate
over many years, so a year or two above 1.5 °C
does not automatically mean that the target has
been exceeded. However, recent anomalies above
1.5 °C are a sign that the Earth is getting
close to that limit. It is likely that global
warming will cause the long-term average to
exceed 1.5 °C during the late 2020s or early
2030s unless significant reductions in
greenhouse gas emissions are achieved
soon.</SPAN></SPAN><BR clear=none><BR
clear=none><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 16px"><SPAN
style="COLOR: #696969"><B><I>Spatial
Variation</I></B></SPAN></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="TEXT-ALIGN: left">
<P
style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0px; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 10px 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 0px; PADDING-RIGHT: 0px; FONT-FAMILY: Helvetica; COLOR: #757575; FONT-SIZE: 16px; PADDING-TOP: 0px"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 14px"><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: lato,helvetica neue,helvetica,arial,sans-serif">October
2024 continues the ongoing pattern of widespread
warmth, with a few important exceptions.
Particularly warm conditions were present in
parts of Asia, North Africa, North America,
South America, the Arctic, the western North
Atlantic, and North Pacific.</SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P
style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0px; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 10px 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 0px; PADDING-RIGHT: 0px; FONT-FAMILY: Helvetica; COLOR: #757575; FONT-SIZE: 16px; PADDING-TOP: 0px"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 14px"><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: lato,helvetica neue,helvetica,arial,sans-serif">We
estimate that 7.2% of the Earth’s surface
experienced their locally warmest October
average (including 7.6% of land areas), and 85%
of the Earth’s surface was significantly warm
when compared to their local average during the
period 1951 to 1980. By contrast, none of the
Earth’s surface had their locally coldest
October.<BR clear=none><BR clear=none>Considered
in terms of the average over the last 12 months
(November 2023 to October 2024), record warmth
has been widespread, especially in the tropics.
Large parts of South America, Africa, Southeast
Asia, Europe, Canada, the Atlantic and Indian
Ocean have had a 12-month average that is higher
than any previous November to October period. No
regions have significant relative cooling during
this period.</SPAN></SPAN></P></DIV><A
style="COLOR: #007c89; FONT-WEIGHT: normal; TEXT-DECORATION: underline"
href="#m_-3455323381056750800_m_-9118135271595882102_m_-3103837222558232624_m_5074481175410572119_"
shape=rect rel="noreferrer noopener"><IMG
style="MARGIN: 0px; OUTLINE-STYLE: none; OUTLINE-COLOR: invert; OUTLINE-WIDTH: medium; WIDTH: 600px; MAX-WIDTH: 800px; TEXT-DECORATION: none"
src="https://mcusercontent.com/4de28539c497455e2b1c4f0d1/images/309fc9e0-235c-3846-3fe8-1c7c38a4c8c8.png"></A>
<DIV style="TEXT-ALIGN: left"><BR
clear=none><SPAN style="COLOR: #696969"><I><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 16px"><B>2024: On track for a
record finish</B></SPAN></I></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="TEXT-ALIGN: left">
<P
style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0px; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 10px 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 0px; PADDING-RIGHT: 0px; FONT-FAMILY: Helvetica; COLOR: #757575; FONT-SIZE: 16px; PADDING-TOP: 0px"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 14px"><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: lato,helvetica neue,helvetica,arial,sans-serif">With
ten months completed, 2024 will almost certainly
be the warmest year since instrumental
measurements began, moderately exceeding the
record set in 2023. The first ten months of 2024
started with many large anomalies, though this
is expected to cool somewhat at the end of 2024.
The El Niño that began in 2023 provided
significant warmth for both 2023 and 2024. It is
typically true that the second year after an El
Niño emerges is warmer than the first, though
that is not guaranteed.</SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P
style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0px; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 10px 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 0px; PADDING-RIGHT: 0px; FONT-FAMILY: Helvetica; COLOR: #757575; FONT-SIZE: 16px; PADDING-TOP: 0px"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 14px"><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: lato,helvetica neue,helvetica,arial,sans-serif">The
statistical approach that we use, looking at
conditions in recent months, now believes that
2024 has a >99% chance of being warmer than
2023, making this outcome almost certain. The
ultimate annual average will still somewhat
depend on the magnitude and timing of a possible
La Niña at the end of 2024, but such an event is
expected to be too late and too weak to prevent
2024 from becoming the newest record warm
year.<BR clear=none><BR clear=none>This forecast
probability of record warmth is substantially
increased from the approximately 50-60% chance
previously estimated in January-April, but only
slightly changed from the 92% chance of a record
estimated in June and the 96% chance estimated
in July.</SPAN></SPAN></P>
<DIV style="TEXT-ALIGN: center"><BR
clear=none><A
style="COLOR: #007c89; FONT-WEIGHT: normal; TEXT-DECORATION: underline"
href="#m_-3455323381056750800_m_-9118135271595882102_m_-3103837222558232624_m_5074481175410572119_"
shape=rect rel="noreferrer noopener"><IMG
style="MARGIN: 0px; OUTLINE-STYLE: none; OUTLINE-COLOR: invert; OUTLINE-WIDTH: medium; WIDTH: 600px; MAX-WIDTH: 800px; TEXT-DECORATION: none"
src="https://mcusercontent.com/4de28539c497455e2b1c4f0d1/images/e242e53e-b489-968d-b185-97b9d6b502db.png"></A></DIV>
<DIV
style="TEXT-ALIGN: center"> </DIV></DIV>
<DIV style="TEXT-ALIGN: left"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 14px"><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: lato,helvetica neue,helvetica,arial,sans-serif">The
full text of our June 2024 Temperature Update is
available via the link
below, including an updated discussion
of the ENSO outlook and the impacts of the
2023-2024 El Niño cycle. Click below
to access the full
report. </SPAN></SPAN><BR
clear=none> </DIV></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>
<TABLE style="MIN-WIDTH: 100%; BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse"
border=0 cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 width="100%">
<TBODY>
<TR>
<TD
style="PADDING-BOTTOM: 18px; PADDING-LEFT: 18px; PADDING-RIGHT: 18px; PADDING-TOP: 0px"
vAlign=top align=middle>
<TABLE
style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #006ea5; BORDER-COLLAPSE: separate !important; border-radius: 0px"
border=0 cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0>
<TBODY>
<TR>
<TD
style="PADDING-BOTTOM: 15px; PADDING-LEFT: 15px; PADDING-RIGHT: 15px; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; FONT-SIZE: 18px; PADDING-TOP: 15px"
vAlign=center align=middle><A
style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; LINE-HEIGHT: 100%; DISPLAY: block; LETTER-SPACING: normal; COLOR: #ffffff; FONT-WEIGHT: bold; TEXT-DECORATION: none"
title="October 2024 Temperature Update"
href="https://berkeleyearth.us4.list-manage.com/track/click?u=4de28539c497455e2b1c4f0d1&id=3bb1cee604&e=a788a5a0f0"
shape=rect rel="noreferrer noopener"
target=_blank>October 2024 Temperature
Update</A>
</TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>
<TABLE
style="MIN-WIDTH: 100%; BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse; TABLE-LAYOUT: fixed !important"
border=0 cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 width="100%">
<TBODY>
<TR>
<TD
style="MIN-WIDTH: 100%; PADDING-BOTTOM: 18px; PADDING-LEFT: 18px; PADDING-RIGHT: 18px; PADDING-TOP: 18px">
<TABLE
style="MIN-WIDTH: 100%; BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse; BORDER-TOP: #eaeaea 2px solid"
border=0 cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 width="100%">
<TBODY>
<TR>
<TD><SPAN></SPAN></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>
<TABLE
style="MIN-WIDTH: 100%; BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse; TABLE-LAYOUT: fixed !important"
border=0 cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 width="100%">
<TBODY>
<TR>
<TD
style="MIN-WIDTH: 100%; PADDING-BOTTOM: 18px; PADDING-LEFT: 18px; PADDING-RIGHT: 18px; PADDING-TOP: 18px">
<TABLE
style="MIN-WIDTH: 100%; BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse; BORDER-TOP: #eaeaea 2px solid"
border=0 cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 width="100%">
<TBODY>
<TR>
<TD><SPAN></SPAN></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>
<TABLE style="MIN-WIDTH: 100%; BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse"
border=0 cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 width="100%">
<TBODY>
<TR>
<TD style="PADDING-TOP: 9px" vAlign=top>
<TABLE
style="MIN-WIDTH: 100%; BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse; MAX-WIDTH: 100%; FLOAT: left"
border=0 cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 width="100%"
align=left>
<TBODY>
<TR>
<TD
style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; PADDING-BOTTOM: 9px; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; PADDING-LEFT: 18px; PADDING-RIGHT: 18px; FONT-FAMILY: Helvetica; COLOR: #757575; FONT-SIZE: 16px; PADDING-TOP: 0px"
vAlign=top>
<DIV style="TEXT-ALIGN: center"><FONT
face="lato, helvetica neue, helvetica, arial, sans-serif"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 18px"><B> <A
style="COLOR: #007c89; FONT-WEIGHT: normal; TEXT-DECORATION: underline"
id=m_-3455323381056750800ydpa83213a5yiv2136296139m_-9118135271595882102m_-3103837222558232624m_5074481175410572119bias
shape=rect
name=m_-3455323381056750800_m_-9118135271595882102_m_-3103837222558232624_m_5074481175410572119_bias
rel="noreferrer noopener"></A>Evaluating bias in
the early-20th century ocean temperature
record</B></SPAN></FONT><BR
clear=none> </DIV></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>
<TABLE style="MIN-WIDTH: 100%; BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse"
border=0 cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 width="100%">
<TBODY>
<TR>
<TD style="PADDING-TOP: 9px" vAlign=top>
<TABLE
style="MIN-WIDTH: 100%; BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse; MAX-WIDTH: 100%; FLOAT: left"
border=0 cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 width="100%"
align=left>
<TBODY>
<TR>
<TD
style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; PADDING-BOTTOM: 9px; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; PADDING-LEFT: 18px; PADDING-RIGHT: 18px; FONT-FAMILY: Helvetica; COLOR: #757575; FONT-SIZE: 16px; PADDING-TOP: 0px"
vAlign=top>
<DIV style="TEXT-ALIGN: left"><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: lato,helvetica neue,helvetica,arial,sans-serif"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 14px">A new paper published
this week in <I>Nature,</I> co-authored by
Berkeley Earth Chief Scientist Dr. Robert Rohde,
reveals that global sea surface temperature
(SST) records from 1900–1930 are significantly
cooler than previously thought, suggesting an
unaccounted cold bias in early
observations.</SPAN></SPAN></DIV></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>
<TABLE style="MIN-WIDTH: 100%; BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse"
border=0 cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 width="100%">
<TBODY>
<TR>
<TD
style="PADDING-BOTTOM: 9px; PADDING-LEFT: 9px; PADDING-RIGHT: 9px; PADDING-TOP: 9px"
vAlign=top>
<TABLE
style="MIN-WIDTH: 100%; BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse; FLOAT: left"
border=0 cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 width="100%"
align=left>
<TBODY>
<TR>
<TD
style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 9px; PADDING-RIGHT: 9px; PADDING-TOP: 0px"
vAlign=top><A title=""
href="#m_-3455323381056750800_m_-9118135271595882102_m_-3103837222558232624_m_5074481175410572119_"
shape=rect rel="noreferrer noopener"><IMG
style="BORDER-BOTTOM: 0px; BORDER-LEFT: 0px; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0px; OUTLINE-STYLE: none; OUTLINE-COLOR: invert; OUTLINE-WIDTH: medium; WIDTH: 473px; DISPLAY: inline !important; MAX-WIDTH: 800px; VERTICAL-ALIGN: bottom; BORDER-TOP: 0px; BORDER-RIGHT: 0px; TEXT-DECORATION: none"
alt="" align=middle
src="https://mcusercontent.com/4de28539c497455e2b1c4f0d1/images/54ac5657-3a7e-5115-3ee2-9663e98c3533.png">
</A></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>
<TABLE style="MIN-WIDTH: 100%; BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse"
border=0 cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 width="100%">
<TBODY>
<TR>
<TD style="PADDING-TOP: 9px" vAlign=top>
<TABLE
style="MIN-WIDTH: 100%; BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse; MAX-WIDTH: 100%; FLOAT: left"
border=0 cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 width="100%"
align=left>
<TBODY>
<TR>
<TD
style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; PADDING-BOTTOM: 9px; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; PADDING-LEFT: 18px; PADDING-RIGHT: 18px; FONT-FAMILY: Helvetica; COLOR: #757575; FONT-SIZE: 16px; PADDING-TOP: 0px"
vAlign=top>
<P
style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0px; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 10px 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 0px; PADDING-RIGHT: 0px; FONT-FAMILY: Helvetica; COLOR: #757575; FONT-SIZE: 16px; PADDING-TOP: 0px"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 14px"><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: lato,helvetica neue,helvetica,arial,sans-serif">By
reconstructing global mean surface temperatures
(GMST) using modern statistical methods, the
research provides a clearer understanding of
historical temperature trends. This correction
refines estimates of early-twentieth-century
warming and enhances the alignment between
observed and simulated global
temperatures.</SPAN></SPAN><BR clear=none><BR
clear=none><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14px"><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: lato,helvetica neue,helvetica,arial,sans-serif">Uncertainties
in the historic ocean temperature
record are the main limitation on global
average temperature measurement accuracy for
most of the last 170 years, and
yet accurate historical temperature records
are critical for understanding climate
variability and informing policy decisions on
climate change. </SPAN></SPAN><BR
clear=none> </P>
<P
style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0px; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; MARGIN: 10px 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 0px; PADDING-RIGHT: 0px; FONT-FAMILY: Helvetica; COLOR: #757575; FONT-SIZE: 16px; PADDING-TOP: 0px"><A
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<P
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clear=none><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14px"><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: lato,helvetica neue,helvetica,arial,sans-serif">Early
records, which combine sea surface and land
temperatures, are fraught with significant
uncertainties due to changing measurement
techniques and incomplete data. By identifying
and correcting these biases, this
research better aligns historical trends
with observed warming patterns, with
implications for understanding the pace of
global warming and the accuracy of future
projections.<BR clear=none><BR clear=none>While
the estimates of total warming since the
preindustrial period dis little changed by these
revisions, this research does highlight the need
to for continued research to better
understand past changes, especially in the
oceans.</SPAN></SPAN><BR clear=none><BR
clear=none><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14px"><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: lato,helvetica neue,helvetica,arial,sans-serif">A
more detailed analysis of the findings can be
found in Dr. Rohde's extended thread on ocean
temperature uncertainties, available <A
style="COLOR: #007c89; FONT-WEIGHT: normal; TEXT-DECORATION: underline"
href="https://berkeleyearth.us4.list-manage.com/track/click?u=4de28539c497455e2b1c4f0d1&id=2c099cd8ec&e=a788a5a0f0"
shape=rect rel="noreferrer noopener"
target=_blank>here</A>. <BR clear=none><BR
clear=none>The full text of the paper (open
access) is available at <I>Nature</I> via the
link below. </SPAN></SPAN><BR
clear=none><BR clear=none><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: lato,helvetica neue,helvetica,arial,sans-serif"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 12px">(First image ©Sippel et
al., reproduced courtesy of <I>Nature</I>;
second image ©Robert A
Rohde.)</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>
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title="Read More"
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<TABLE
style="MIN-WIDTH: 100%; BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse; MAX-WIDTH: 100%; FLOAT: left"
border=0 cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 width="100%"
align=left>
<TBODY>
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<TD
style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; PADDING-BOTTOM: 9px; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; PADDING-LEFT: 18px; PADDING-RIGHT: 18px; FONT-FAMILY: Helvetica; COLOR: #757575; FONT-SIZE: 16px; PADDING-TOP: 0px"
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<DIV style="TEXT-ALIGN: center"><B><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 18px"><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: lato,helvetica neue,helvetica,arial,sans-serif"><A
style="COLOR: #007c89; FONT-WEIGHT: normal; TEXT-DECORATION: underline"
id=m_-3455323381056750800ydpa83213a5yiv2136296139m_-9118135271595882102m_-3103837222558232624m_5074481175410572119agu
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name=m_-3455323381056750800_m_-9118135271595882102_m_-3103837222558232624_m_5074481175410572119_agu
rel="noreferrer noopener"></A>New Research
from Berkeley Earth at AGU
2024 </SPAN></SPAN></B></DIV></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>
<TABLE style="MIN-WIDTH: 100%; BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse"
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<TABLE
style="MIN-WIDTH: 100%; BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse; MAX-WIDTH: 100%; FLOAT: left"
border=0 cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 width="100%"
align=left>
<TBODY>
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<DIV style="TEXT-ALIGN: center"><A
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href="#m_-3455323381056750800_m_-9118135271595882102_m_-3103837222558232624_m_5074481175410572119_"
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<DIV style="TEXT-ALIGN: left"><BR
clear=none><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14px"><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: lato,helvetica neue,helvetica,arial,sans-serif">Berkeley
Earth will be presenting new research
at two sessions of the AGU 2024 conference
in December,
including: </SPAN></SPAN></DIV>
<UL>
<LI style="TEXT-ALIGN: left"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 14px"><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: lato,helvetica neue,helvetica,arial,sans-serif">Monday,
December 9th - Session GC045 - Climate
Downscaling and Wether Post-Processing:
Development, Evaluation and
Application</SPAN></SPAN>
<LI style="TEXT-ALIGN: left"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 14px"><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: lato,helvetica neue,helvetica,arial,sans-serif">Tuesday,
December 10th - Session GC23K-02 - Record Global
Temperature in 2023: A Review of Anomalous
Temperature Patterns and Possible Contributing
Factors</SPAN></SPAN></LI></UL>
<DIV style="TEXT-ALIGN: left"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 14px"><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: lato,helvetica neue,helvetica,arial,sans-serif">More
information to follow. </SPAN></SPAN><BR
clear=none> </DIV>
<DIV style="TEXT-ALIGN: left"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 14px"><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: lato,helvetica neue,helvetica,arial,sans-serif">If
you will be in Washington DC for the conference
and are interested in meeting with
representatives from Berkeley Earth, please send
a note to <A
style="COLOR: #007c89; FONT-WEIGHT: normal; TEXT-DECORATION: underline"
href="mailto:admin@berkeleyearth.org?subject=AGU%20December%20Meeting"
shape=rect rel="noreferrer noopener"
target=_blank>admin@berkeleyearth.org</A>. </SPAN></SPAN></DIV></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>
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Founded in 2013, the organization has led the
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Referenced by the UN IPCC and contributing
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