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<P
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Today's top story: War in Europe is more than 5,000 years old
– new research </SPAN><A
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, sans-serif; COLOR: #0b6698; TEXT-DECORATION: none; -webkit-text-size-adjust: none"
href="https://theconversationeurope.cmail19.com/t/r-e-titutjdk-nljldnkri-r/">View
in browser</A> </P></TD>
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11 January 2024 </P></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE></TD></TR>
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href="https://theconversationeurope.cmail19.com/t/r-l-titutjdk-nljldnkri-t/">
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<TR>
<TD
style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; WIDTH: 460px; FONT-FAMILY: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, sans-serif; -webkit-text-size-adjust: none"
class=full-width width=460>
<TABLE
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<TD
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<P
style="LINE-HEIGHT: 1.4; MARGIN: 0px 0px 16px; FONT-FAMILY: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, sans-serif; COLOR: #202020; FONT-SIZE: 16px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: none">Although
conflict is an intrinsic part of human nature, war has not
always existed. War requires a type of organisation that not
all societies across history have been able to adopt,
including the creation of institutionalised armies, the
legitimisation of violence, and its development during a
limited period of time. It is therefore an archaeological
challenge to determine when exactly humans “invented”
structured combat.</P>
<P
style="LINE-HEIGHT: 1.4; MARGIN: 0px 0px 16px; FONT-FAMILY: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, sans-serif; COLOR: #202020; FONT-SIZE: 16px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: none">First
studies conducted on skeletal remains found at the necropolis
of San Juan ante Portam Latinam in Laguardia (Álava, Spain) in
1985 already documented that there were traces of violence at
the site. These remains were dated to about 3200 BC. </P>
<P
style="LINE-HEIGHT: 1.4; MARGIN: 0px 0px 16px; FONT-FAMILY: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, sans-serif; COLOR: #202020; FONT-SIZE: 16px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: none"><A
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, sans-serif; COLOR: #0b6698; TEXT-DECORATION: none; -webkit-text-size-adjust: none"
href="https://theconversationeurope.cmail19.com/t/r-l-titutjdk-nljldnkri-i/">New
research has revised the previous conclusions</A>. The results
go even further and conclude that this is the oldest European
site where a large-scale, organised and long-lasting conflict
has been clearly documented. In other words, the first
documented example of warfare on the continent has been found,
almost two millennia earlier than previously assumed.</P>
<P
style="LINE-HEIGHT: 1.4; MARGIN: 0px 0px 16px; FONT-FAMILY: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, sans-serif; COLOR: #202020; FONT-SIZE: 16px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: none"><A
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, sans-serif; COLOR: #0b6698; TEXT-DECORATION: none; -webkit-text-size-adjust: none"
href="https://theconversationeurope.cmail19.com/t/r-l-titutjdk-nljldnkri-d/">Installing
giant solar farms in one part of the world could affect the
climate in another</A>. Because solar energy is limitless, we
generally think that by harnessing it, we are not affecting
anyone else, but that may only be true to a certain scale. Put
up enough solar panels in the Sahara for example, and you
could make it cloudier in Europe, making it harder for people
to make the most of their own panels.</P>
<P
style="LINE-HEIGHT: 1.4; MARGIN: 0px 0px 16px; FONT-FAMILY: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, sans-serif; COLOR: #202020; FONT-SIZE: 16px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: none"><A
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, sans-serif; COLOR: #0b6698; TEXT-DECORATION: none; -webkit-text-size-adjust: none"
href="https://theconversationeurope.cmail19.com/t/r-l-titutjdk-nljldnkri-h/">Artificial
intelligence is trying to eliminate accents</A>. It means well
- trying to avoid the social effects of accent discrimination.
However, this intention raises the questions of what is
considered to be a “non-accent” and what is, after all, wrong
with having an accent. </P></TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD
style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-FAMILY: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, sans-serif; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 32px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: none"
id=editor>
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class=avatar width=65><IMG style="border-radius: 27px"
alt=""
src="https://cdn.theconversation.com/avatars/490577/thumb54/image-20180607-137322-1ko1e8j.jpg"
width=54 height=54> </TD>
<TD
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class=name><STRONG>Claudia Lorenzo Rubiera</STRONG></P>
<P
style="LINE-HEIGHT: 1.4; MARGIN: 0px; FONT-FAMILY: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, sans-serif; COLOR: #202020; FONT-SIZE: 16px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: none"
class=title>Culture editor The Conversation Spain /
Editor The Conversation
Europe</P></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE></TD></TR>
<TR class=top-story>
<TD
style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; PADDING-BOTTOM: 10px; FONT-FAMILY: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, sans-serif; -webkit-text-size-adjust: none"><A
style="LINE-HEIGHT: normal; DISPLAY: block; FONT-FAMILY: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, sans-serif; COLOR: #0b6698; FONT-SIZE: 0px; TEXT-DECORATION: none; -webkit-text-size-adjust: none"
href="https://theconversationeurope.cmail19.com/t/r-l-titutjdk-nljldnkri-k/"><IMG
style="WIDTH: 100%" border=0 alt=""
src="https://images.theconversation.com/files/567413/original/file-20231220-15-uaocdf.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&rect=0%2C4%2C2700%2C1750&q=45&auto=format&w=668&fit=clip"
width=468> </A>
<DIV
style="LINE-HEIGHT: 18px; DISPLAY: block; FONT-FAMILY: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, sans-serif; COLOR: #666666; FONT-SIZE: 11px; PADDING-TOP: 6px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: none"
class=figcaption>Image of the site of San Juan ante Portam
Latinam (Laguardia, Álava). <SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, sans-serif; COLOR: #bbb"
class=source title=Source>José Ignacio Vegas / Universidad de
Valladolid</SPAN> </DIV>
<H4
style="PADDING-BOTTOM: 0px; LINE-HEIGHT: 22px; MARGIN: 5px 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 0px; PADDING-RIGHT: 0px; FONT-SIZE: 18px; PADDING-TOP: 0px"><A
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, sans-serif; COLOR: #006699; TEXT-DECORATION: none; -webkit-text-size-adjust: none"
href="https://theconversationeurope.cmail19.com/t/r-l-titutjdk-nljldnkri-u/">War
in Europe is more than 5,000 years old – new research</A>
</H4>
<P
style="LINE-HEIGHT: 18px; MARGIN: 3px 0px; FONT-FAMILY: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, sans-serif; FONT-SIZE: 11px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: none"
class=author>Teresa Fernández Crespo, Universidad de
Valladolid </P>
<P
style="LINE-HEIGHT: 1.4; MARGIN: 0px 0px 16px; FONT-FAMILY: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, sans-serif; COLOR: #202020; FONT-SIZE: 16px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: none">New
analysis of archaeological remains in Spain has revealed that
warfare is at least 2000 years older than we
thought.</P></TD></TR>
<TR class=top-story>
<TD
style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; PADDING-BOTTOM: 10px; FONT-FAMILY: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, sans-serif; -webkit-text-size-adjust: none"><A
style="LINE-HEIGHT: normal; DISPLAY: block; FONT-FAMILY: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, sans-serif; COLOR: #0b6698; FONT-SIZE: 0px; TEXT-DECORATION: none; -webkit-text-size-adjust: none"
href="https://theconversationeurope.cmail19.com/t/r-l-titutjdk-nljldnkri-o/"><IMG
style="WIDTH: 100%" border=0 alt=""
src="https://images.theconversation.com/files/568232/original/file-20240108-29-1u9uxi.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&rect=7%2C0%2C5283%2C3530&q=45&auto=format&w=668&fit=clip"
width=468> </A>
<DIV
style="LINE-HEIGHT: 18px; DISPLAY: block; FONT-FAMILY: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, sans-serif; COLOR: #666666; FONT-SIZE: 11px; PADDING-TOP: 6px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: none"
class=figcaption><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, sans-serif; COLOR: #bbb"
class=source title=Source>Kertu / shutterstock</SPAN> </DIV>
<H4
style="PADDING-BOTTOM: 0px; LINE-HEIGHT: 22px; MARGIN: 5px 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 0px; PADDING-RIGHT: 0px; FONT-SIZE: 18px; PADDING-TOP: 0px"><A
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, sans-serif; COLOR: #006699; TEXT-DECORATION: none; -webkit-text-size-adjust: none"
href="https://theconversationeurope.cmail19.com/t/r-l-titutjdk-nljldnkri-b/">Gigantic
solar farms of the future might impact how much solar power
can be generated on the other side of the world</A> </H4>
<P
style="LINE-HEIGHT: 18px; MARGIN: 3px 0px; FONT-FAMILY: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, sans-serif; FONT-SIZE: 11px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: none"
class=author>Zhengyao Lu, Lund University; Jingchao Long,
Guangdong Ocean University </P>
<P
style="LINE-HEIGHT: 1.4; MARGIN: 0px 0px 16px; FONT-FAMILY: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, sans-serif; COLOR: #202020; FONT-SIZE: 16px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: none">Solar
farms that span whole countries could change the climate – new
study.</P></TD></TR>
<TR class=top-story>
<TD
style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; PADDING-BOTTOM: 10px; FONT-FAMILY: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, sans-serif; -webkit-text-size-adjust: none"><A
style="LINE-HEIGHT: normal; DISPLAY: block; FONT-FAMILY: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, sans-serif; COLOR: #0b6698; FONT-SIZE: 0px; TEXT-DECORATION: none; -webkit-text-size-adjust: none"
href="https://theconversationeurope.cmail19.com/t/r-l-titutjdk-nljldnkri-n/"><IMG
style="WIDTH: 100%" border=0 alt=""
src="https://images.theconversation.com/files/568128/original/file-20240107-21-yql1n1.jpeg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&rect=8%2C2%2C1908%2C1276&q=45&auto=format&w=668&fit=clip"
width=468> </A>
<DIV
style="LINE-HEIGHT: 18px; DISPLAY: block; FONT-FAMILY: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, sans-serif; COLOR: #666666; FONT-SIZE: 11px; PADDING-TOP: 6px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: none"
class=figcaption>Accents are one of the cherished hallmarks of
cultural diversity. <SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, sans-serif; COLOR: #bbb"
class=source title=Source>Bbernard/Shutterstock</SPAN> </DIV>
<H4
style="PADDING-BOTTOM: 0px; LINE-HEIGHT: 22px; MARGIN: 5px 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 0px; PADDING-RIGHT: 0px; FONT-SIZE: 18px; PADDING-TOP: 0px"><A
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, sans-serif; COLOR: #006699; TEXT-DECORATION: none; -webkit-text-size-adjust: none"
href="https://theconversationeurope.cmail19.com/t/r-l-titutjdk-nljldnkri-p/">Why
AI software ‘softening’ accents is problematic</A> </H4>
<P
style="LINE-HEIGHT: 18px; MARGIN: 3px 0px; FONT-FAMILY: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, sans-serif; FONT-SIZE: 11px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: none"
class=author>Grégory Miras, Université de Lorraine </P>
<P
style="LINE-HEIGHT: 1.4; MARGIN: 0px 0px 16px; FONT-FAMILY: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, sans-serif; COLOR: #202020; FONT-SIZE: 16px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: none">While
AI now allows us to erase accents, is this really a good idea?
Besides, who doesn’t have an accent?</P></TD></TR>
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<H3
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<H4
style="PADDING-BOTTOM: 0px; LINE-HEIGHT: 22px; MARGIN: 5px 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 0px; PADDING-RIGHT: 0px; FONT-SIZE: 18px; PADDING-TOP: 0px"><A
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, sans-serif; COLOR: #006699; TEXT-DECORATION: none; -webkit-text-size-adjust: none"
href="https://theconversationeurope.cmail19.com/t/r-l-titutjdk-nljldnkri-x/">Declining
primate numbers are threatening Brazil’s Atlantic
forest</A> </H4>
<P
style="LINE-HEIGHT: 18px; MARGIN: 3px 0px; FONT-FAMILY: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, sans-serif; FONT-SIZE: 11px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: none"
class=author>Juan Carlos Guix, Universitat de
Barcelona; Antoni Serra Sorribes, Universitat de
Barcelona </P>
<P
style="LINE-HEIGHT: 1.4; MARGIN: 0px 0px 16px; FONT-FAMILY: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, sans-serif; COLOR: #202020; FONT-SIZE: 16px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: none">Trees
in Brazil’s Atlantic Forest depend heavily on primates
for their survival, but agriculture and deforestation
are threatening them both.</P>
<LI
style="LIST-STYLE: none none outside; PADDING-BOTTOM: 6px; LINE-HEIGHT: 18px; MARGIN-TOP: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 0px; PADDING-RIGHT: 0px; COLOR: #383838; MARGIN-LEFT: 0px; FONT-SIZE: 16px; PADDING-TOP: 0px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: none">
<H4
style="PADDING-BOTTOM: 0px; LINE-HEIGHT: 22px; MARGIN: 5px 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 0px; PADDING-RIGHT: 0px; FONT-SIZE: 18px; PADDING-TOP: 0px"><A
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, sans-serif; COLOR: #006699; TEXT-DECORATION: none; -webkit-text-size-adjust: none"
href="https://theconversationeurope.cmail19.com/t/r-l-titutjdk-nljldnkri-m/">How
to maintain a healthy gut microbiome in 2024</A> </H4>
<P
style="LINE-HEIGHT: 18px; MARGIN: 3px 0px; FONT-FAMILY: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, sans-serif; FONT-SIZE: 11px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: none"
class=author>Rosie Young, Quadram Institute; Mariam
Gamal El-Din, Quadram Institute; Yang Yue, Quadram
Institute </P>
<P
style="LINE-HEIGHT: 1.4; MARGIN: 0px 0px 16px; FONT-FAMILY: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, sans-serif; COLOR: #202020; FONT-SIZE: 16px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: none">Improve
your gut microbiome health and you improve so many
aspects of your overall health. Here’s how to do
it.</P>
<LI
style="LIST-STYLE: none none outside; PADDING-BOTTOM: 6px; LINE-HEIGHT: 18px; MARGIN-TOP: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 0px; PADDING-RIGHT: 0px; COLOR: #383838; MARGIN-LEFT: 0px; FONT-SIZE: 16px; PADDING-TOP: 0px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: none">
<H4
style="PADDING-BOTTOM: 0px; LINE-HEIGHT: 22px; MARGIN: 5px 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 0px; PADDING-RIGHT: 0px; FONT-SIZE: 18px; PADDING-TOP: 0px"><A
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, sans-serif; COLOR: #006699; TEXT-DECORATION: none; -webkit-text-size-adjust: none"
href="https://theconversationeurope.cmail19.com/t/r-l-titutjdk-nljldnkri-c/">In
Sweden, burning Qur'ans threaten to send the country’s
history of tolerance up in smoke</A> </H4>
<P
style="LINE-HEIGHT: 18px; MARGIN: 3px 0px; FONT-FAMILY: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, sans-serif; FONT-SIZE: 11px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: none"
class=author>Piero S. Colla, Université de Strasbourg
</P>
<P
style="LINE-HEIGHT: 1.4; MARGIN: 0px 0px 16px; FONT-FAMILY: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, sans-serif; COLOR: #202020; FONT-SIZE: 16px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: none">Anti-Islam
activists in Sweden have repeatedly burned Qurans in
public, not only earning the country vehement
criticism from Muslim countries but also raising the
threat of
terrorism.</P></LI></UL></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE></TD></TR>
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<DIV
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Creation of war in Europe + Gigantic solar
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