<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<HTML
style="PADDING-BOTTOM: 0px; MARGIN: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 0px; PADDING-RIGHT: 0px; PADDING-TOP: 0px"
xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><HEAD><TITLE></TITLE>
<META content="text/html; charset=utf-8" http-equiv=Content-Type><!--[if !mso]><!-->
<META content=IE=edge http-equiv=X-UA-Compatible><!--<![endif]-->
<META name=viewport content=width=device-width>
<STYLE type=text/css>
@media Unknown
{
.column {
}
.wrapper {
MIN-WIDTH: 600px !important
}
.wrapper H1 {
}
.wrapper H1 {
LINE-HEIGHT: 36px !important; FONT-SIZE: 28px !important
}
.wrapper H2 {
}
.wrapper H2 {
LINE-HEIGHT: 31px !important; FONT-SIZE: 22px !important
}
.wrapper H3 {
}
.wrapper H3 {
LINE-HEIGHT: 26px !important; FONT-SIZE: 18px !important
}
.wrapper .size-8 {
LINE-HEIGHT: 14px !important; FONT-SIZE: 8px !important
}
.wrapper .size-8-m {
LINE-HEIGHT: 14px !important; FONT-SIZE: 8px !important
}
.wrapper .size-8-l {
LINE-HEIGHT: 14px !important; FONT-SIZE: 8px !important
}
.wrapper .size-8-m {
LINE-HEIGHT: 16px !important
}
.wrapper .size-8-l {
LINE-HEIGHT: 24px !important
}
.wrapper .size-9 {
LINE-HEIGHT: 16px !important; FONT-SIZE: 9px !important
}
.wrapper .size-9-m {
LINE-HEIGHT: 16px !important; FONT-SIZE: 9px !important
}
.wrapper .size-9-l {
LINE-HEIGHT: 16px !important; FONT-SIZE: 9px !important
}
.wrapper .size-9-m {
LINE-HEIGHT: 18px !important
}
.wrapper .size-9-l {
LINE-HEIGHT: 27px !important
}
.wrapper .size-10 {
LINE-HEIGHT: 18px !important; FONT-SIZE: 10px !important
}
.wrapper .size-10-m {
LINE-HEIGHT: 18px !important; FONT-SIZE: 10px !important
}
.wrapper .size-10-l {
LINE-HEIGHT: 18px !important; FONT-SIZE: 10px !important
}
.wrapper .size-10-m {
LINE-HEIGHT: 20px !important
}
.wrapper .size-10-l {
LINE-HEIGHT: 30px !important
}
.wrapper .size-11 {
LINE-HEIGHT: 19px !important; FONT-SIZE: 11px !important
}
.wrapper .size-11-m {
LINE-HEIGHT: 19px !important; FONT-SIZE: 11px !important
}
.wrapper .size-11-l {
LINE-HEIGHT: 19px !important; FONT-SIZE: 11px !important
}
.wrapper .size-11-m {
LINE-HEIGHT: 22px !important
}
.wrapper .size-11-l {
LINE-HEIGHT: 33px !important
}
.wrapper .size-12 {
LINE-HEIGHT: 19px !important; FONT-SIZE: 12px !important
}
.wrapper .size-12-m {
LINE-HEIGHT: 19px !important; FONT-SIZE: 12px !important
}
.wrapper .size-12-l {
LINE-HEIGHT: 19px !important; FONT-SIZE: 12px !important
}
.wrapper .size-12-m {
LINE-HEIGHT: 24px !important
}
.wrapper .size-12-l {
LINE-HEIGHT: 36px !important
}
.wrapper .size-13 {
LINE-HEIGHT: 21px !important; FONT-SIZE: 13px !important
}
.wrapper .size-13-m {
LINE-HEIGHT: 21px !important; FONT-SIZE: 13px !important
}
.wrapper .size-13-l {
LINE-HEIGHT: 21px !important; FONT-SIZE: 13px !important
}
.wrapper .size-13-m {
LINE-HEIGHT: 26px !important
}
.wrapper .size-13-l {
LINE-HEIGHT: 39px !important
}
.wrapper .size-14 {
LINE-HEIGHT: 21px !important; FONT-SIZE: 14px !important
}
.wrapper .size-14-m {
LINE-HEIGHT: 21px !important; FONT-SIZE: 14px !important
}
.wrapper .size-14-l {
LINE-HEIGHT: 21px !important; FONT-SIZE: 14px !important
}
.wrapper .size-14-m {
LINE-HEIGHT: 28px !important
}
.wrapper .size-14-l {
LINE-HEIGHT: 42px !important
}
.wrapper .size-15 {
LINE-HEIGHT: 23px !important; FONT-SIZE: 15px !important
}
.wrapper .size-15-m {
LINE-HEIGHT: 23px !important; FONT-SIZE: 15px !important
}
.wrapper .size-15-l {
LINE-HEIGHT: 23px !important; FONT-SIZE: 15px !important
}
.wrapper .size-15-m {
LINE-HEIGHT: 30px !important
}
.wrapper .size-15-l {
LINE-HEIGHT: 45px !important
}
.wrapper .size-16 {
LINE-HEIGHT: 24px !important; FONT-SIZE: 16px !important
}
.wrapper .size-16-m {
LINE-HEIGHT: 24px !important; FONT-SIZE: 16px !important
}
.wrapper .size-16-l {
LINE-HEIGHT: 24px !important; FONT-SIZE: 16px !important
}
.wrapper .size-16-m {
LINE-HEIGHT: 32px !important
}
.wrapper .size-16-l {
LINE-HEIGHT: 48px !important
}
.wrapper .size-17 {
LINE-HEIGHT: 26px !important; FONT-SIZE: 17px !important
}
.wrapper .size-17-m {
LINE-HEIGHT: 26px !important; FONT-SIZE: 17px !important
}
.wrapper .size-17-l {
LINE-HEIGHT: 26px !important; FONT-SIZE: 17px !important
}
.wrapper .size-17-m {
LINE-HEIGHT: 34px !important
}
.wrapper .size-17-l {
LINE-HEIGHT: 51px !important
}
.wrapper .size-18 {
LINE-HEIGHT: 26px !important; FONT-SIZE: 18px !important
}
.wrapper .size-18-m {
LINE-HEIGHT: 26px !important; FONT-SIZE: 18px !important
}
.wrapper .size-18-l {
LINE-HEIGHT: 26px !important; FONT-SIZE: 18px !important
}
.wrapper .size-18-m {
LINE-HEIGHT: 36px !important
}
.wrapper .size-18-l {
LINE-HEIGHT: 54px !important
}
.wrapper .size-20 {
LINE-HEIGHT: 28px !important; FONT-SIZE: 20px !important
}
.wrapper .size-20-m {
LINE-HEIGHT: 28px !important; FONT-SIZE: 20px !important
}
.wrapper .size-20-l {
LINE-HEIGHT: 28px !important; FONT-SIZE: 20px !important
}
.wrapper .size-20-m {
LINE-HEIGHT: 40px !important
}
.wrapper .size-20-l {
LINE-HEIGHT: 60px !important
}
.wrapper .size-22 {
LINE-HEIGHT: 31px !important; FONT-SIZE: 22px !important
}
.wrapper .size-22-m {
LINE-HEIGHT: 31px !important; FONT-SIZE: 22px !important
}
.wrapper .size-22-l {
LINE-HEIGHT: 31px !important; FONT-SIZE: 22px !important
}
.wrapper .size-22-m {
LINE-HEIGHT: 44px !important
}
.wrapper .size-22-l {
LINE-HEIGHT: 66px !important
}
.wrapper .size-24 {
LINE-HEIGHT: 32px !important; FONT-SIZE: 24px !important
}
.wrapper .size-24-m {
LINE-HEIGHT: 32px !important; FONT-SIZE: 24px !important
}
.wrapper .size-24-l {
LINE-HEIGHT: 32px !important; FONT-SIZE: 24px !important
}
.wrapper .size-24-m {
LINE-HEIGHT: 48px !important
}
.wrapper .size-24-l {
LINE-HEIGHT: 72px !important
}
.wrapper .size-26 {
LINE-HEIGHT: 34px !important; FONT-SIZE: 26px !important
}
.wrapper .size-26-m {
LINE-HEIGHT: 34px !important; FONT-SIZE: 26px !important
}
.wrapper .size-26-l {
LINE-HEIGHT: 34px !important; FONT-SIZE: 26px !important
}
.wrapper .size-26-m {
LINE-HEIGHT: 52px !important
}
.wrapper .size-26-l {
LINE-HEIGHT: 78px !important
}
.wrapper .size-28 {
LINE-HEIGHT: 36px !important; FONT-SIZE: 28px !important
}
.wrapper .size-28-m {
LINE-HEIGHT: 36px !important; FONT-SIZE: 28px !important
}
.wrapper .size-28-l {
LINE-HEIGHT: 36px !important; FONT-SIZE: 28px !important
}
.wrapper .size-28-m {
LINE-HEIGHT: 56px !important
}
.wrapper .size-28-l {
LINE-HEIGHT: 84px !important
}
.wrapper .size-30 {
LINE-HEIGHT: 38px !important; FONT-SIZE: 30px !important
}
.wrapper .size-30-m {
LINE-HEIGHT: 38px !important; FONT-SIZE: 30px !important
}
.wrapper .size-30-l {
LINE-HEIGHT: 38px !important; FONT-SIZE: 30px !important
}
.wrapper .size-30-m {
LINE-HEIGHT: 60px !important
}
.wrapper .size-30-l {
LINE-HEIGHT: 90px !important
}
.wrapper .size-32 {
LINE-HEIGHT: 40px !important; FONT-SIZE: 32px !important
}
.wrapper .size-32-m {
LINE-HEIGHT: 40px !important; FONT-SIZE: 32px !important
}
.wrapper .size-32-l {
LINE-HEIGHT: 40px !important; FONT-SIZE: 32px !important
}
.wrapper .size-32-m {
LINE-HEIGHT: 64px !important
}
.wrapper .size-32-l {
LINE-HEIGHT: 96px !important
}
.wrapper .size-34 {
LINE-HEIGHT: 43px !important; FONT-SIZE: 34px !important
}
.wrapper .size-34-m {
LINE-HEIGHT: 43px !important; FONT-SIZE: 34px !important
}
.wrapper .size-34-l {
LINE-HEIGHT: 43px !important; FONT-SIZE: 34px !important
}
.wrapper .size-34-m {
LINE-HEIGHT: 68px !important
}
.wrapper .size-34-l {
LINE-HEIGHT: 102px !important
}
.wrapper .size-36 {
LINE-HEIGHT: 43px !important; FONT-SIZE: 36px !important
}
.wrapper .size-36-m {
LINE-HEIGHT: 43px !important; FONT-SIZE: 36px !important
}
.wrapper .size-36-l {
LINE-HEIGHT: 43px !important; FONT-SIZE: 36px !important
}
.wrapper .size-36-m {
LINE-HEIGHT: 72px !important
}
.wrapper .size-36-l {
LINE-HEIGHT: 108px !important
}
.wrapper .size-40 {
LINE-HEIGHT: 47px !important; FONT-SIZE: 40px !important
}
.wrapper .size-40-m {
LINE-HEIGHT: 47px !important; FONT-SIZE: 40px !important
}
.wrapper .size-40-l {
LINE-HEIGHT: 47px !important; FONT-SIZE: 40px !important
}
.wrapper .size-40-m {
LINE-HEIGHT: 80px !important
}
.wrapper .size-40-l {
LINE-HEIGHT: 120px !important
}
.wrapper .size-44 {
LINE-HEIGHT: 50px !important; FONT-SIZE: 44px !important
}
.wrapper .size-44-m {
LINE-HEIGHT: 50px !important; FONT-SIZE: 44px !important
}
.wrapper .size-44-l {
LINE-HEIGHT: 50px !important; FONT-SIZE: 44px !important
}
.wrapper .size-44-m {
LINE-HEIGHT: 88px !important
}
.wrapper .size-44-l {
LINE-HEIGHT: 132px !important
}
.wrapper .size-48 {
LINE-HEIGHT: 54px !important; FONT-SIZE: 48px !important
}
.wrapper .size-48-m {
LINE-HEIGHT: 54px !important; FONT-SIZE: 48px !important
}
.wrapper .size-48-l {
LINE-HEIGHT: 54px !important; FONT-SIZE: 48px !important
}
.wrapper .size-48-m {
LINE-HEIGHT: 96px !important
}
.wrapper .size-48-l {
LINE-HEIGHT: 144px !important
}
.wrapper .size-56 {
LINE-HEIGHT: 60px !important; FONT-SIZE: 56px !important
}
.wrapper .size-56-m {
LINE-HEIGHT: 60px !important; FONT-SIZE: 56px !important
}
.wrapper .size-56-l {
LINE-HEIGHT: 60px !important; FONT-SIZE: 56px !important
}
.wrapper .size-56-m {
LINE-HEIGHT: 112px !important
}
.wrapper .size-56-l {
LINE-HEIGHT: 168px !important
}
.wrapper .size-64 {
LINE-HEIGHT: 68px !important; FONT-SIZE: 64px !important
}
.wrapper .size-64-m {
LINE-HEIGHT: 68px !important; FONT-SIZE: 64px !important
}
.wrapper .size-64-l {
LINE-HEIGHT: 68px !important; FONT-SIZE: 64px !important
}
.wrapper .size-64-m {
LINE-HEIGHT: 128px !important
}
.wrapper .size-64-l {
LINE-HEIGHT: 192px !important
}
.wrapper .size-72 {
LINE-HEIGHT: 76px !important; FONT-SIZE: 72px !important
}
.wrapper .size-72-m {
LINE-HEIGHT: 76px !important; FONT-SIZE: 72px !important
}
.wrapper .size-72-l {
LINE-HEIGHT: 76px !important; FONT-SIZE: 72px !important
}
.wrapper .size-72-m {
LINE-HEIGHT: 144px !important
}
.wrapper .size-72-l {
LINE-HEIGHT: 216px !important
}
.wrapper .size-80 {
LINE-HEIGHT: 84px !important; FONT-SIZE: 80px !important
}
.wrapper .size-80-m {
LINE-HEIGHT: 84px !important; FONT-SIZE: 80px !important
}
.wrapper .size-80-l {
LINE-HEIGHT: 84px !important; FONT-SIZE: 80px !important
}
.wrapper .size-80-m {
LINE-HEIGHT: 160px !important
}
.wrapper .size-80-l {
LINE-HEIGHT: 240px !important
}
.wrapper .size-96 {
LINE-HEIGHT: 100px !important; FONT-SIZE: 96px !important
}
.wrapper .size-96-m {
LINE-HEIGHT: 100px !important; FONT-SIZE: 96px !important
}
.wrapper .size-96-l {
LINE-HEIGHT: 100px !important; FONT-SIZE: 96px !important
}
.wrapper .size-96-m {
LINE-HEIGHT: 192px !important
}
.wrapper .size-96-l {
LINE-HEIGHT: 288px !important
}
.wrapper .size-112 {
LINE-HEIGHT: 116px !important; FONT-SIZE: 112px !important
}
.wrapper .size-112-m {
LINE-HEIGHT: 116px !important; FONT-SIZE: 112px !important
}
.wrapper .size-112-l {
LINE-HEIGHT: 116px !important; FONT-SIZE: 112px !important
}
.wrapper .size-112-m {
LINE-HEIGHT: 224px !important
}
.wrapper .size-112-l {
LINE-HEIGHT: 336px !important
}
.wrapper .size-128 {
LINE-HEIGHT: 132px !important; FONT-SIZE: 128px !important
}
.wrapper .size-128-m {
LINE-HEIGHT: 132px !important; FONT-SIZE: 128px !important
}
.wrapper .size-128-l {
LINE-HEIGHT: 132px !important; FONT-SIZE: 128px !important
}
.wrapper .size-128-m {
LINE-HEIGHT: 256px !important
}
.wrapper .size-128-l {
LINE-HEIGHT: 384px !important
}
.wrapper .size-144 {
LINE-HEIGHT: 148px !important; FONT-SIZE: 144px !important
}
.wrapper .size-144-m {
LINE-HEIGHT: 148px !important; FONT-SIZE: 144px !important
}
.wrapper .size-144-l {
LINE-HEIGHT: 148px !important; FONT-SIZE: 144px !important
}
.wrapper .size-144-m {
LINE-HEIGHT: 288px !important
}
.wrapper .size-144-l {
LINE-HEIGHT: 432px !important
}
}
</STYLE>
<META name=x-apple-disable-message-reformatting>
<STYLE type=text/css>
.main, .mso {
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
}
table {
border-collapse: collapse;
table-layout: fixed;
}
* {
line-height: inherit;
}
[x-apple-data-detectors] {
color: inherit !important;
text-decoration: none !important;
}
.wrapper .footer__share-button a:hover,
.wrapper .footer__share-button a:focus {
color: #ffffff !important;
}
.wrapper .footer__share-button a.icon-white:hover,
.wrapper .footer__share-button a.icon-white:focus {
color: #ffffff !important;
}
.wrapper .footer__share-button a.icon-black:hover,
.wrapper .footer__share-button a.icon-black:focus {
color: #000000 !important;
}
.btn a:hover,
.btn a:focus,
.footer__share-button a:hover,
.footer__share-button a:focus,
.email-footer__links a:hover,
.email-footer__links a:focus {
opacity: 0.8;
}
.preheader,
.header,
.layout,
.column {
transition: width 0.25s ease-in-out, max-width 0.25s ease-in-out;
}
.preheader td {
padding-bottom: 8px;
}
.layout,
div.header {
max-width: 400px !important;
-fallback-width: 95% !important;
width: calc(100% - 20px) !important;
}
div.preheader {
max-width: 360px !important;
-fallback-width: 90% !important;
width: calc(100% - 60px) !important;
}
.snippet,
.webversion {
Float: none !important;
}
.stack .column {
max-width: 400px !important;
width: 100% !important;
}
.fixed-width.has-border {
max-width: 402px !important;
}
.fixed-width.has-border .layout__inner {
box-sizing: border-box;
}
.snippet,
.webversion {
width: 50% !important;
}
.mso .layout__edges {
font-size: 0;
}
.layout-fixed-width,
.mso .layout-full-width {
background-color: #ffffff;
}
@media only screen and (min-width: 620px) {
.column,
.gutter {
display: table-cell;
Float: none !important;
vertical-align: top;
}
div.preheader,
.email-footer {
max-width: 560px !important;
width: 560px !important;
}
.snippet,
.webversion {
width: 280px !important;
}
div.header,
.layout,
.one-col .column {
max-width: 600px !important;
width: 600px !important;
}
.fixed-width.has-border,
.fixed-width.x_has-border,
.has-gutter.has-border,
.has-gutter.x_has-border {
max-width: 602px !important;
width: 602px !important;
}
.two-col .column {
max-width: 300px !important;
width: 300px !important;
}
.three-col .column,
.column.narrow,
.column.x_narrow {
max-width: 200px !important;
width: 200px !important;
}
.column.wide,
.column.x_wide {
width: 400px !important;
}
.two-col.has-gutter .column,
.two-col.x_has-gutter .column {
max-width: 290px !important;
width: 290px !important;
}
.three-col.has-gutter .column,
.three-col.x_has-gutter .column,
.has-gutter .narrow {
max-width: 188px !important;
width: 188px !important;
}
.has-gutter .wide {
max-width: 394px !important;
width: 394px !important;
}
.two-col.has-gutter.has-border .column,
.two-col.x_has-gutter.x_has-border .column {
max-width: 292px !important;
width: 292px !important;
}
.three-col.has-gutter.has-border .column,
.three-col.x_has-gutter.x_has-border .column,
.has-gutter.has-border .narrow,
.has-gutter.x_has-border .narrow {
max-width: 190px !important;
width: 190px !important;
}
.has-gutter.has-border .wide,
.has-gutter.x_has-border .wide {
max-width: 396px !important;
width: 396px !important;
}
}
@supports (display: flex) {
@media only screen and (min-width: 620px) {
.fixed-width.has-border .layout__inner {
display: flex !important;
}
}
}
/***
* Mobile Styles
*
* 1. Overriding inline styles
*/
@media(max-width: 619px) {
.email-flexible-footer .left-aligned-footer .column,
.email-flexible-footer .center-aligned-footer,
.email-flexible-footer .right-aligned-footer .column {
max-width: 100% !important; /* [1] */
text-align: center !important; /* [1] */
width: 100% !important; /* [1] */
}
.flexible-footer-logo {
margin-left: 0px !important; /* [1] */
margin-right: 0px !important; /* [1] */
}
.email-flexible-footer .left-aligned-footer .flexible-footer__share-button__container,
.email-flexible-footer .center-aligned-footer .flexible-footer__share-button__container,
.email-flexible-footer .right-aligned-footer .flexible-footer__share-button__container {
display: inline-block;
margin-left: 5px !important; /* [1] */
margin-right: 5px !important; /* [1] */
}
.email-flexible-footer__additionalinfo--center {
text-align: center !important; /* [1] */
}
.email-flexible-footer .left-aligned-footer table,
.email-flexible-footer .center-aligned-footer table,
.email-flexible-footer .right-aligned-footer table {
display: table !important; /* [1] */
width: 100% !important; /* [1] */
}
.email-flexible-footer .footer__share-button,
.email-flexible-footer .email-footer__additional-info {
margin-left: 20px;
margin-right: 20px;
}
}
@media only screen and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2), only screen and (min--moz-device-pixel-ratio: 2), only screen and (-o-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2/1), only screen and (min-device-pixel-ratio: 2), only screen and (min-resolution: 192dpi), only screen and (min-resolution: 2dppx) {
.fblike {
background-image: url(https://i7.cmail19.com/static/eb/master/13-the-blueprint-3/images/fblike@2x.png) !important;
}
.tweet {
background-image: url(https://i8.cmail19.com/static/eb/master/13-the-blueprint-3/images/tweet@2x.png) !important;
}
.linkedinshare {
background-image: url(https://i9.cmail19.com/static/eb/master/13-the-blueprint-3/images/lishare@2x.png) !important;
}
.forwardtoafriend {
background-image: url(https://i10.cmail19.com/static/eb/master/13-the-blueprint-3/images/forward@2x.png) !important;
}
}
@media (max-width: 321px) {
.fixed-width.has-border .layout__inner {
border-width: 1px 0 !important;
}
.layout,
.stack .column {
min-width: 320px !important;
width: 320px !important;
}
.border {
display: none;
}
.has-gutter .border {
display: table-cell;
}
}
.cmctbl--inline table {
border-collapse: collapse;
}
</STYLE>
<!--[if !mso]><!-->
<STYLE type=text/css>
@import url(https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Montserrat:400,700,400italic,700italic);
</STYLE>
<LINK rel=stylesheet type=text/css
href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Montserrat:400,700,400italic,700italic"><!--<![endif]-->
<STYLE type=text/css>
.main,.mso{background-color:#fff}.logo a:hover,.logo a:focus{color:#1e2e3b !important}.footer-logo a:hover,.footer-logo a:focus{color:#372d1b !important}.mso .layout-has-border{border-top:1px solid #ccc;border-bottom:1px solid #ccc}.mso .layout-has-bottom-border{border-bottom:1px solid #ccc}.mso .border{background-color:#ccc}.mso h1{}.mso h1{font-size:28px !important;line-height:36px !important}.mso h2{}.mso h2{font-size:22px !important;line-height:31px !important}.mso h3{}.mso h3{font-size:18px !important;line-height:26px !important}.mso .layout__inner{}.mso .footer__share-button p{}.mso .footer__share-button p{font-family:Montserrat,DejaVu Sans,Verdana,sans-serif}
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why recycling won't fix it
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style="COLOR: #555768; TEXT-DECORATION: underline; transition: opacity 0.1s ease-in"
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<P style="MARGIN-TOP: 0px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px">Plastic waste, when it
appears on the surface of the sea or at the side of a road, is a problem
that's easy to recognise. Much more plastic is made each year than can be
safely absorbed by the systems built to recycle it, and the result is
mounting pollution. Talks are under way in Paris this week to agree the
terms of an international treaty which could do something about this
issue.</P>
<P style="MARGIN-TOP: 20px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px">What is often overlooked,
however, is the plastic industry's role in fuelling climate change. A
study published in 2019 found that making, using and disposing of plastic
accounts for 3.8% of global greenhouse gas emissions.</P>
<P style="MARGIN-TOP: 20px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px">"That’s almost <A
style="COLOR: #202020; TEXT-DECORATION: underline; transition: opacity 0.1s ease-in"
href="https://theconversationuk.cmail19.com/t/r-l-tttyudo-nljldnkrt-r/"><STRONG>double
the emissions of the aviation sector</STRONG></A>," says Laurie Wright, a
senior lecturer in sustainability at Solent University. "If it were a
country, the 'Plastic Kingdom' would be the fifth-highest emitter in the
world."</P>
<P style="MARGIN-TOP: 20px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px">You're reading the Imagine
newsletter – a weekly synthesis of academic insight on solutions to
climate change, brought to you by The Conversation. I'm Jack Marley,
energy and environment editor. This week we're discussing what plastic
pollution and climate change have in common.</P>
<P style="MARGIN-TOP: 20px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px">Every stage of a plastic
product's lifecycle can be a potential source of climate-damaging
emissions, Wright explains.</P>
<P style="MARGIN-TOP: 20px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px">More than 99% of plastic
starts life as petroleum or natural gas, and is refined by the
petrochemical industry using a process which releases carbon dioxide and
methane to form basic plastic building blocks such as ethylene.
Transporting this resin consumes fuel, and so also generates emissions.
These steps account for 61% of the total emissions originating from
plastic.</P>
<P style="MARGIN-TOP: 20px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px">A further 30% is emitted
while making the plastic bags, bottles and other items we use each day.
The remainder is released when plastic is thrown away. It can take
centuries for plastic to decompose and slowly return its stored carbon
(and other harmful chemicals) to the atmosphere. But when this waste is
incinerated, as a lot of landfill waste is, the process is dramatically
sped up.</P>
<P style="MARGIN-TOP: 20px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px">Petrochemical firms at the
plastic treaty negotiations <A
style="COLOR: #202020; TEXT-DECORATION: underline; transition: opacity 0.1s ease-in"
href="https://theconversationuk.cmail19.com/t/r-l-tttyudo-nljldnkrt-y/">favour
an agreement</A> that would aim to recycle all of that waste. But
researchers like Cressida Bowyer, who studies plastic pollution at the
University of Portsmouth, are sceptical.</P>
<P style="MARGIN-TOP: 20px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px">"Only 6-9% of all plastic
ever produced has been sent for recycling," she says, writing with fellow
Portsmouth academics Keiron Roberts and Stephanie Northen.</P>
<P style="MARGIN-TOP: 20px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px">"Although plastic and
other waste is collected for recycling in most countries, the amount of
material that is remade into the same or similar products (what is called
closed-loop recycling) is extremely low.</P>
<P style="MARGIN-TOP: 20px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px">"<A
style="COLOR: #202020; TEXT-DECORATION: underline; transition: opacity 0.1s ease-in"
href="https://theconversationuk.cmail19.com/t/r-l-tttyudo-nljldnkrt-j/"><STRONG>Only
2% of plastic waste is recycled</STRONG></A> in a closed loop and not
turned into something of lower quality, which is called downcycling.
Recycling cannot fully replace virgin material as it can only be recycled
twice before losing necessary properties, and so most recycling results in
a downgraded material that cannot be used for the same purpose."</P>
<P style="MARGIN-TOP: 20px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px">Not only would ramping up
recycling fail to curb the greenhouse gas emissions from making all that
plastic, attempting to recycle it could create other kinds of pollution,
the team point out. <A
style="COLOR: #202020; TEXT-DECORATION: underline; transition: opacity 0.1s
ease-in"
href="https://theconversationuk.cmail19.com/t/r-l-tttyudo-nljldnkrt-t/">A
recent study</A> highlighted how recycling facilities can release
hundreds of tonnes of microplastics each year. <A
style="COLOR: #202020; TEXT-DECORATION: underline; transition: opacity 0.1s ease-in"
href="https://theconversationuk.cmail19.com/t/r-l-tttyudo-nljldnkrt-i/">Another
report</A> showed how attempting to recycle plastics containing toxic
additives can contaminate subsequent batches.</P>
<P style="MARGIN-TOP: 20px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px">Pascal Scherrer, a senior
lecturer in environmental science at Southern Cross University in
Australia, argues that there are <A
style="COLOR: #202020; TEXT-DECORATION: underline; transition: opacity 0.1s ease-in"
href="https://theconversationuk.cmail19.com/t/r-l-tttyudo-nljldnkrt-d/"><STRONG>more
reasons to be wary of recycling</STRONG></A> as a supposed solution
to the plastic problem.</P>
<P style="MARGIN-TOP: 20px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px">"I explore opportunities
to reduce plastic waste in sectors such as tourism, hospitality and meat
production," he says.</P>
<P style="MARGIN-TOP: 20px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px">"I know how quickly we
could make big changes. But I’ve also seen how quick-fix solutions can
create complex future problems. So we must proceed with caution."</P>
<P style="MARGIN-TOP: 20px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px">One example is swapping
wood for recycled plastic. Trading a material which would otherwise be a
living tree keeping carbon out of the atmosphere for something made from
an abundant waste product sounds ideal. No wonder benches, tables and
bollards are increasingly made from recycled plastic.</P>
<P style="MARGIN-TOP: 20px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px">But, Scherrer cautions,
wood is at least biodegradable. Plastic, even when it has been recycled,
breaks down into smaller and smaller fragments which now contaminate
virtually every environment on Earth – <A
style="COLOR: #202020; TEXT-DECORATION: underline; transition: opacity 0.1s ease-in"
href="https://theconversationuk.cmail19.com/t/r-l-tttyudo-nljldnkrt-h/">including
the human blood stream</A>.</P>
<P style="MARGIN-TOP: 20px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px">Bowyer, Roberts and
Northen suggest that the simplest solution to all this pollution is also
the best: stop making so much plastic in the first place. Extending the
lifespan of the average plastic item by reusing it can also help reduce
demand for more plastic.</P>
<P style="MARGIN-TOP: 20px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px">"Manufacturers must stop
making so much unnecessary plastic to reduce the amount entering the
economy," they say.</P>
<P style="MARGIN-TOP: 20px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px">"There is no case for
making plastics that are impossible to collect, reuse or recycle, or are
toxic. Yet they are abundant: think multilayered sachets, thin films and
wrappers. These should be phased out as a priority."</P>
<P style="MARGIN-TOP: 20px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px">As with the fossil fuel
industry and climate change, petrochemical companies are unlikely to
willingly make and sell less of their product to reduce pollution. And the
parallels between the two problems don't end there, according to Deirdre
McKay, a reader in geography and environmental politics at Keele
University.</P>
<P style="MARGIN-TOP: 20px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px">"The environment appears
to be drowning in plastic for the same reason that global temperatures
continue to rise – fossil fuels have remained cheap and abundant," she
says.</P>
<P style="MARGIN-TOP: 20px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px">The advent of hydraulic
fracturing (better known as fracking) to acquire fossil fuels such as
shale gas during the first decade of the 21st century made the raw
materials for plastic manufacturing significantly cheaper, McKay explains.
The result has been a glut of plastic packaging on supermarket shelves
that is difficult to recycle and overwhelmingly ends up in landfill,
incinerators – or the environment.</P>
<P style="MARGIN-TOP: 20px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px">As oil demand wanes with
the rise of electric vehicles, McKay warns that fossil fuel companies will
pivot to producing plastic instead – with all the greenhouse gas emissions
and other pollution such a move entails.</P>
<P style="MARGIN-TOP: 20px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px">"Concern about plastic
pollution isn’t distracting people from a more serious problem – plastic
is the problem. If we see plastics as '<A
style="COLOR: #202020; TEXT-DECORATION: underline; transition: opacity 0.1s ease-in"
href="https://theconversationuk.cmail19.com/t/r-l-tttyudo-nljldnkrt-k/"><STRONG>solid
climate change</STRONG></A>', they become central to the climate
crisis."</P>
<P
style="LINE-HEIGHT: 24px; MARGIN-TOP: 20px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 20px; FONT-SIZE: 16px"
lang=x-size-16 class=size-16><EM>- Jack Marley, Environment commissioning
editor</EM></P></DIV></DIV>
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<P style="MARGIN-TOP: 0px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 20px"><EM><SPAN
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class=divider></DIV></DIV></DIV><!--[if mso]></td></tr></table><![endif]--></DIV></DIV>
<DIV
style="LINE-HEIGHT: 15px; FONT-SIZE: 15px; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"> </DIV>
<DIV
style="MIN-WIDTH: 320px; MARGIN: 0px auto; WIDTH: 320px; MAX-WIDTH: 600px; WORD-WRAP: break-word; overflow-wrap: break-word"
class="layout one-col fixed-width stack">
<DIV
style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffffff; WIDTH: 100%; DISPLAY: table; BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse"
class=layout__inner><!--[if mso]><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" role="presentation"><tr class="layout-fixed-width" style="background-color: #ffffff;"><td style="width: 600px" class="w560"><![endif]-->
<DIV
style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; LINE-HEIGHT: 24px; FONT-FAMILY: Montserrat,DejaVu Sans,Verdana,sans-serif; COLOR: #202020; FONT-SIZE: 16px"
class=column>
<DIV
style="LINE-HEIGHT: 19px; FONT-STYLE: normal; FONT-SIZE: 12px; FONT-WEIGHT: normal"
align=center><A
style="COLOR: #202020; TEXT-DECORATION: underline; transition: opacity 0.1s ease-in"
href="https://theconversationuk.cmail19.com/t/r-l-tttyudo-nljldnkrt-o/"><IMG
style="BORDER-RIGHT-WIDTH: 0px; WIDTH: 100%; DISPLAY: block; MAX-WIDTH: 668px; BORDER-TOP-WIDTH: 0px; BORDER-BOTTOM-WIDTH: 0px; HEIGHT: auto; BORDER-LEFT-WIDTH: 0px"
class="gnd-corner-image gnd-corner-image-center gnd-corner-image-top"
alt="A person sorts colourful plastic fragments using a rattan scoop."
src="https://i2.cmail19.com/ei/r/6C/204/0C2/014545/csfinal/file-20230530-25-byxoi8-9900000000079e3c.jpeg"
width=600></A> </DIV>
<DIV style="MARGIN-TOP: 20px; MARGIN-LEFT: 20px; MARGIN-RIGHT: 20px">
<DIV
style="VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-text-raise: 11px">
<P
style="LINE-HEIGHT: 28px; MARGIN-TOP: 0px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px; FONT-SIZE: 20px"
lang=x-size-24 class=size-24><A
style="COLOR: #202020; TEXT-DECORATION: underline; transition: opacity 0.1s ease-in"
href="https://theconversationuk.cmail19.com/t/r-l-tttyudo-nljldnkrt-b/"><STRONG>Plastic
recycling is failing – here’s how the world
must respond</STRONG></A></P>
<P
style="LINE-HEIGHT: 24px; MARGIN-TOP: 20px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 20px; FONT-SIZE: 16px"
lang=x-size-16 class=size-16>Making less plastic and reusing what exists
should be the priority. </P></DIV></DIV>
<DIV style="MARGIN-LEFT: 20px; MARGIN-RIGHT: 20px">
<DIV style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 20px"
class="btn btn--flat btn--small"><!--[if !mso]><!--><A
style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; PADDING-BOTTOM: 6px; LINE-HEIGHT: 19px; BACKGROUND-COLOR: #29339b; PADDING-LEFT: 12px; PADDING-RIGHT: 12px; DISPLAY: inline-block; FONT-FAMILY: Montserrat, DejaVu Sans, Verdana, sans-serif; COLOR: #ffffff !important; FONT-SIZE: 11px; FONT-WEIGHT: bold; TEXT-DECORATION: none !important; PADDING-TOP: 6px; transition: opacity 0.1s ease-in; border-radius: 4px"
href="https://theconversationuk.cmail19.com/t/r-l-tttyudo-nljldnkrt-p/">Read
more</A><!--<![endif]--><!--[if mso]><p style="line-height:0;margin:0;"> </p><v:roundrect xmlns:v="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:vml" href="https://theconversationuk.cmail19.com/t/r-l-tttyudo-nljldnkrt-p/" style="width:68.25pt" arcsize="13%" fillcolor="#29339B" stroke="f"><v:textbox style="mso-fit-shape-to-text:t" inset="0pt,3.75pt,0pt,3.75pt"><center style="font-size:11px;line-height:19px;color:#FFFFFF;font-family:Montserrat,DejaVu Sans,Verdana,sans-serif;font-weight:bold;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;mso-text-raise:1.25px">Read more</center></v:textbox></v:roundrect><![endif]-->
</DIV></DIV>
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<DIV
style="LINE-HEIGHT: 2px; BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ccc; WIDTH: 40px; DISPLAY: block; MARGIN-LEFT: auto; FONT-SIZE: 2px; MARGIN-RIGHT: auto"
class=divider></DIV></DIV></DIV><!--[if mso]></td></tr></table><![endif]--></DIV></DIV>
<DIV
style="LINE-HEIGHT: 20px; FONT-SIZE: 20px; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"> </DIV>
<DIV
style="MIN-WIDTH: 320px; MARGIN: 0px auto; WIDTH: 320px; MAX-WIDTH: 600px; WORD-WRAP: break-word; overflow-wrap: break-word"
class="layout fixed-width stack">
<DIV
style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffffff; WIDTH: 100%; DISPLAY: table; BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse"
class=layout__inner><!--[if mso]><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" role="presentation"><tr class="layout-fixed-width" style="background-color: #ffffff;"><td style="width: 200px" valign="top" class="w160"><![endif]-->
<DIV
style="MIN-WIDTH: 200px; TEXT-ALIGN: left; LINE-HEIGHT: 24px; WIDTH: 320px; FONT-FAMILY: Montserrat,DejaVu Sans,Verdana,sans-serif; MAX-WIDTH: 320px; FLOAT: left; COLOR: #202020; FONT-SIZE: 16px"
class="column narrow">
<DIV style="MARGIN: 12px 20px">
<DIV
style="LINE-HEIGHT: 19px; FONT-STYLE: normal; FONT-SIZE: 12px; FONT-WEIGHT: normal"
align=center><A
style="COLOR: #202020; TEXT-DECORATION: underline; transition: opacity 0.1s ease-in"
href="https://theconversationuk.cmail19.com/t/r-l-tttyudo-nljldnkrt-x/"><IMG
style="BORDER-RIGHT-WIDTH: 0px; WIDTH: 100%; DISPLAY: block; MAX-WIDTH: 480px; BORDER-TOP-WIDTH: 0px; BORDER-BOTTOM-WIDTH: 0px; HEIGHT: auto; BORDER-LEFT-WIDTH: 0px"
alt="Waste management engineer looking at bails of used plastic bottles."
src="https://i3.cmail19.com/ei/r/6C/204/0C2/014545/csfinal/file-20230526-17-5fzgqw-990000079e01453c.jpeg"
width=160></A> </DIV></DIV></DIV><!--[if mso]></td><td style="width: 400px" valign="top" class="w360"><![endif]-->
<DIV
style="MIN-WIDTH: 320px; TEXT-ALIGN: left; LINE-HEIGHT: 24px; WIDTH: 320px; FONT-FAMILY: Montserrat,DejaVu Sans,Verdana,sans-serif; MAX-WIDTH: 400px; FLOAT: left; COLOR: #202020; FONT-SIZE: 16px"
class="column wide">
<DIV style="MARGIN-TOP: 12px; MARGIN-LEFT: 20px; MARGIN-RIGHT: 20px">
<DIV
style="VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-text-raise: 11px">
<P
style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; LINE-HEIGHT: 24px; MARGIN-TOP: 0px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px; FONT-SIZE: 16px"
lang=x-size-16 class=size-16><STRONG><A
style="COLOR: #202020; TEXT-DECORATION: underline; transition: opacity 0.1s ease-in"
href="https://theconversationuk.cmail19.com/t/r-l-tttyudo-nljldnkrt-c/">3 little-known reasons
why plastic recycling could actually make
things worse</A></STRONG></P>
<P
style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; LINE-HEIGHT: 24px; MARGIN-TOP: 20px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 20px; FONT-SIZE: 16px"
lang=x-size-16 class=size-16><SPAN style="COLOR: #202020">Here's what we –
both individually and globally – should be doing more of, and what to
avoid.</SPAN></P></DIV></DIV>
<DIV style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 12px; MARGIN-LEFT: 20px; MARGIN-RIGHT: 20px">
<DIV style="TEXT-ALIGN: left" class="btn btn--flat btn--small"><!--[if !mso]><!--><A
style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; PADDING-BOTTOM: 6px; LINE-HEIGHT: 19px; BACKGROUND-COLOR: #29339b; PADDING-LEFT: 12px; PADDING-RIGHT: 12px; DISPLAY: inline-block; FONT-FAMILY: Montserrat, DejaVu Sans, Verdana, sans-serif; COLOR: #ffffff !important; FONT-SIZE: 11px; FONT-WEIGHT: bold; TEXT-DECORATION: none !important; PADDING-TOP: 6px; transition: opacity 0.1s ease-in; border-radius: 4px"
href="https://theconversationuk.cmail19.com/t/r-l-tttyudo-nljldnkrt-q/">Read
more</A><!--<![endif]--><!--[if mso]><p style="line-height:0;margin:0;"> </p><v:roundrect xmlns:v="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:vml" href="https://theconversationuk.cmail19.com/t/r-l-tttyudo-nljldnkrt-q/" style="width:68.25pt" arcsize="13%" fillcolor="#29339B" stroke="f"><v:textbox style="mso-fit-shape-to-text:t" inset="0pt,3.75pt,0pt,3.75pt"><center style="font-size:11px;line-height:19px;color:#FFFFFF;font-family:Montserrat,DejaVu Sans,Verdana,sans-serif;font-weight:bold;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;mso-text-raise:1.25px">Read more</center></v:textbox></v:roundrect><![endif]-->
</DIV></DIV></DIV><!--[if mso]></td></tr></table><![endif]--></DIV></DIV>
<DIV
style="LINE-HEIGHT: 20px; FONT-SIZE: 20px; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"> </DIV>
<DIV
style="MIN-WIDTH: 320px; MARGIN: 0px auto; WIDTH: 320px; MAX-WIDTH: 600px; WORD-WRAP: break-word; overflow-wrap: break-word"
class="layout fixed-width stack">
<DIV
style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffffff; WIDTH: 100%; DISPLAY: table; BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse"
class=layout__inner><!--[if mso]><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" role="presentation"><tr class="layout-fixed-width" style="background-color: #ffffff;"><td style="width: 200px" valign="top" class="w160"><![endif]-->
<DIV
style="MIN-WIDTH: 200px; TEXT-ALIGN: left; LINE-HEIGHT: 24px; WIDTH: 320px; FONT-FAMILY: Montserrat,DejaVu Sans,Verdana,sans-serif; MAX-WIDTH: 320px; FLOAT: left; COLOR: #202020; FONT-SIZE: 16px"
class="column narrow">
<DIV style="MARGIN: 12px 20px">
<DIV
style="LINE-HEIGHT: 19px; FONT-STYLE: normal; FONT-SIZE: 12px; FONT-WEIGHT: normal"
align=center><A
style="COLOR: #202020; TEXT-DECORATION: underline; transition: opacity 0.1s ease-in"
href="https://theconversationuk.cmail19.com/t/r-l-tttyudo-nljldnkrt-a/"><IMG
style="BORDER-RIGHT-WIDTH: 0px; WIDTH: 100%; DISPLAY: block; MAX-WIDTH: 480px; BORDER-TOP-WIDTH: 0px; BORDER-BOTTOM-WIDTH: 0px; HEIGHT: auto; BORDER-LEFT-WIDTH: 0px"
alt="A rolling expanse of plastic waste with rubbish trucks on top and chimneys spewing smoke behind them."
src="https://i4.cmail19.com/ei/r/6C/204/0C2/014545/csfinal/file-20190515-60557-ogd10g-990000079e01453c.jpeg"
width=160></A> </DIV></DIV></DIV><!--[if mso]></td><td style="width: 400px" valign="top" class="w360"><![endif]-->
<DIV
style="MIN-WIDTH: 320px; TEXT-ALIGN: left; LINE-HEIGHT: 24px; WIDTH: 320px; FONT-FAMILY: Montserrat,DejaVu Sans,Verdana,sans-serif; MAX-WIDTH: 400px; FLOAT: left; COLOR: #202020; FONT-SIZE: 16px"
class="column wide">
<DIV style="MARGIN-TOP: 12px; MARGIN-LEFT: 20px; MARGIN-RIGHT: 20px">
<DIV
style="VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-text-raise: 11px">
<P
style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; LINE-HEIGHT: 24px; MARGIN-TOP: 0px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px; FONT-SIZE: 16px"
lang=x-size-16 class=size-16><STRONG><A
style="COLOR: #202020; TEXT-DECORATION: underline; transition: opacity 0.1s ease-in"
href="https://theconversationuk.cmail19.com/t/r-l-tttyudo-nljldnkrt-f/">Plastic
warms the planet twice as much as aviation – here’s how to make
it climate-friendly</A></STRONG></P>
<P
style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; LINE-HEIGHT: 24px; MARGIN-TOP: 20px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 20px; FONT-SIZE: 16px"
lang=x-size-16 class=size-16><SPAN style="COLOR: #202020">As well as
polluting our seas, plastics are heating the atmosphere too. Urgent
changes are needed to eliminate plastic's contribution to climate
breakdown.</SPAN></P></DIV></DIV>
<DIV style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 12px; MARGIN-LEFT: 20px; MARGIN-RIGHT: 20px">
<DIV style="TEXT-ALIGN: left" class="btn btn--flat btn--small"><!--[if !mso]><!--><A
style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; PADDING-BOTTOM: 6px; LINE-HEIGHT: 19px; BACKGROUND-COLOR: #29339b; PADDING-LEFT: 12px; PADDING-RIGHT: 12px; DISPLAY: inline-block; FONT-FAMILY: Montserrat, DejaVu Sans, Verdana, sans-serif; COLOR: #ffffff !important; FONT-SIZE: 11px; FONT-WEIGHT: bold; TEXT-DECORATION: none !important; PADDING-TOP: 6px; transition: opacity 0.1s ease-in; border-radius: 4px"
href="https://theconversationuk.cmail19.com/t/r-l-tttyudo-nljldnkrt-z/">Read
more</A><!--<![endif]--><!--[if mso]><p style="line-height:0;margin:0;"> </p><v:roundrect xmlns:v="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:vml" href="https://theconversationuk.cmail19.com/t/r-l-tttyudo-nljldnkrt-z/" style="width:68.25pt" arcsize="13%" fillcolor="#29339B" stroke="f"><v:textbox style="mso-fit-shape-to-text:t" inset="0pt,3.75pt,0pt,3.75pt"><center style="font-size:11px;line-height:19px;color:#FFFFFF;font-family:Montserrat,DejaVu Sans,Verdana,sans-serif;font-weight:bold;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;mso-text-raise:1.25px">Read more</center></v:textbox></v:roundrect><![endif]-->
</DIV></DIV></DIV><!--[if mso]></td></tr></table><![endif]--></DIV></DIV>
<DIV
style="LINE-HEIGHT: 20px; FONT-SIZE: 20px; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"> </DIV>
<DIV
style="MIN-WIDTH: 320px; MARGIN: 0px auto; WIDTH: 320px; MAX-WIDTH: 600px; WORD-WRAP: break-word; overflow-wrap: break-word"
class="layout fixed-width stack">
<DIV
style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffffff; WIDTH: 100%; DISPLAY: table; BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse"
class=layout__inner><!--[if mso]><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" role="presentation"><tr class="layout-fixed-width" style="background-color: #ffffff;"><td style="width: 200px" valign="top" class="w160"><![endif]-->
<DIV
style="MIN-WIDTH: 200px; TEXT-ALIGN: left; LINE-HEIGHT: 24px; WIDTH: 320px; FONT-FAMILY: Montserrat,DejaVu Sans,Verdana,sans-serif; MAX-WIDTH: 320px; FLOAT: left; COLOR: #202020; FONT-SIZE: 16px"
class="column narrow">
<DIV style="MARGIN: 12px 20px">
<DIV
style="LINE-HEIGHT: 19px; FONT-STYLE: normal; FONT-SIZE: 12px; FONT-WEIGHT: normal"
align=center><A
style="COLOR: #202020; TEXT-DECORATION: underline; transition: opacity 0.1s ease-in"
href="https://theconversationuk.cmail19.com/t/r-l-tttyudo-nljldnkrt-v/"><IMG
style="BORDER-RIGHT-WIDTH: 0px; WIDTH: 100%; DISPLAY: block; MAX-WIDTH: 480px; BORDER-TOP-WIDTH: 0px; BORDER-BOTTOM-WIDTH: 0px; HEIGHT: auto; BORDER-LEFT-WIDTH: 0px"
alt="A white plastic bag floating in the blue sky."
src="https://i5.cmail19.com/ei/r/6C/204/0C2/014545/csfinal/file-20191010-188823-7wp51v-990000079e01453c.jpeg"
width=160></A> </DIV></DIV></DIV><!--[if mso]></td><td style="width: 400px" valign="top" class="w360"><![endif]-->
<DIV
style="MIN-WIDTH: 320px; TEXT-ALIGN: left; LINE-HEIGHT: 24px; WIDTH: 320px; FONT-FAMILY: Montserrat,DejaVu Sans,Verdana,sans-serif; MAX-WIDTH: 400px; FLOAT: left; COLOR: #202020; FONT-SIZE: 16px"
class="column wide">
<DIV style="MARGIN-TOP: 12px; MARGIN-LEFT: 20px; MARGIN-RIGHT: 20px">
<DIV
style="VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-text-raise: 11px">
<P
style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; LINE-HEIGHT: 24px; MARGIN-TOP: 0px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px; FONT-SIZE: 16px"
lang=x-size-16 class=size-16><STRONG><A
style="COLOR: #202020; TEXT-DECORATION: underline; transition: opacity 0.1s ease-in"
href="https://theconversationuk.cmail19.com/t/r-l-tttyudo-nljldnkrt-e/">Fossil
fuel industry sees the future in hard-to-recycle
plastic</A></STRONG></P>
<P
style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; LINE-HEIGHT: 24px; MARGIN-TOP: 20px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 20px; FONT-SIZE: 16px"
lang=x-size-16 class=size-16><SPAN style="COLOR: #202020">The fossil fuel
industry plans to compensate for declining demand for gasoline by flooding
the world with more plastic.</SPAN></P></DIV></DIV>
<DIV style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 12px; MARGIN-LEFT: 20px; MARGIN-RIGHT: 20px">
<DIV style="TEXT-ALIGN: left" class="btn btn--flat btn--small"><!--[if !mso]><!--><A
style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; PADDING-BOTTOM: 6px; LINE-HEIGHT: 19px; BACKGROUND-COLOR: #29339b; PADDING-LEFT: 12px; PADDING-RIGHT: 12px; DISPLAY: inline-block; FONT-FAMILY: Montserrat, DejaVu Sans, Verdana, sans-serif; COLOR: #ffffff !important; FONT-SIZE: 11px; FONT-WEIGHT: bold; TEXT-DECORATION: none !important; PADDING-TOP: 6px; transition: opacity 0.1s ease-in; border-radius: 4px"
href="https://theconversationuk.cmail19.com/t/r-l-tttyudo-nljldnkrt-s/">Read
more</A><!--<![endif]--><!--[if mso]><p style="line-height:0;margin:0;"> </p><v:roundrect xmlns:v="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:vml" href="https://theconversationuk.cmail19.com/t/r-l-tttyudo-nljldnkrt-s/" style="width:68.25pt" arcsize="13%" fillcolor="#29339B" stroke="f"><v:textbox style="mso-fit-shape-to-text:t" inset="0pt,3.75pt,0pt,3.75pt"><center style="font-size:11px;line-height:19px;color:#FFFFFF;font-family:Montserrat,DejaVu Sans,Verdana,sans-serif;font-weight:bold;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;mso-text-raise:1.25px">Read more</center></v:textbox></v:roundrect><![endif]-->
</DIV></DIV></DIV><!--[if mso]></td></tr></table><![endif]--></DIV></DIV>
<DIV
style="LINE-HEIGHT: 20px; FONT-SIZE: 20px; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"> </DIV>
<DIV
style="MIN-WIDTH: 320px; MARGIN: 0px auto; WIDTH: 320px; MAX-WIDTH: 600px; WORD-WRAP: break-word; overflow-wrap: break-word"
class="layout fixed-width stack">
<DIV
style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffffff; WIDTH: 100%; DISPLAY: table; BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse"
class=layout__inner><!--[if mso]><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" role="presentation"><tr class="layout-fixed-width" style="background-color: #ffffff;"><td style="width: 200px" valign="top" class="w160"><![endif]-->
<DIV
style="MIN-WIDTH: 200px; TEXT-ALIGN: left; LINE-HEIGHT: 24px; WIDTH: 320px; FONT-FAMILY: Montserrat,DejaVu Sans,Verdana,sans-serif; MAX-WIDTH: 320px; FLOAT: left; COLOR: #202020; FONT-SIZE: 16px"
class="column narrow">
<DIV style="MARGIN: 12px 20px">
<DIV
style="LINE-HEIGHT: 19px; FONT-STYLE: normal; FONT-SIZE: 12px; FONT-WEIGHT: normal"
align=center><A
style="COLOR: #202020; TEXT-DECORATION: underline; transition: opacity 0.1s ease-in"
href="https://theconversationuk.cmail19.com/t/r-l-tttyudo-nljldnkrt-g/"><IMG
style="BORDER-RIGHT-WIDTH: 0px; WIDTH: 100%; DISPLAY: block; MAX-WIDTH: 480px; BORDER-TOP-WIDTH: 0px; BORDER-BOTTOM-WIDTH: 0px; HEIGHT: auto; BORDER-LEFT-WIDTH: 0px"
alt="Silver petrochemical plant slightly obscured by a pink cloud."
src="https://i6.cmail19.com/ei/r/6C/204/0C2/014545/csfinal/file-20211018-57123-1m516li-990000079e01453c.jpeg"
width=160></A> </DIV></DIV></DIV><!--[if mso]></td><td style="width: 400px" valign="top" class="w360"><![endif]-->
<DIV
style="MIN-WIDTH: 320px; TEXT-ALIGN: left; LINE-HEIGHT: 24px; WIDTH: 320px; FONT-FAMILY: Montserrat,DejaVu Sans,Verdana,sans-serif; MAX-WIDTH: 400px; FLOAT: left; COLOR: #202020; FONT-SIZE: 16px"
class="column wide">
<DIV style="MARGIN-TOP: 12px; MARGIN-LEFT: 20px; MARGIN-RIGHT: 20px">
<DIV
style="VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-text-raise: 11px">
<P
style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; LINE-HEIGHT: 24px; MARGIN-TOP: 0px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px; FONT-SIZE: 16px"
lang=x-size-16 class=size-16><STRONG><A
style="COLOR: #202020; TEXT-DECORATION: underline; transition: opacity 0.1s ease-in"
href="https://theconversationuk.cmail19.com/t/r-l-tttyudo-nljldnkrt-w/">Oil
companies are ploughing money into fossil-fuelled plastics
production at a record rate – new research</A></STRONG></P>
<P
style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; LINE-HEIGHT: 24px; MARGIN-TOP: 20px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 20px; FONT-SIZE: 16px"
lang=x-size-16 class=size-16><SPAN style="COLOR: #202020">We discovered
that the 12 largest petrochemical companies announced 88 new projects
between 2012 and 2019: new and expanded facilities that will likely
operate for decades, ramping up carbon emissions.</SPAN></P></DIV></DIV>
<DIV style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 12px; MARGIN-LEFT: 20px; MARGIN-RIGHT: 20px">
<DIV style="TEXT-ALIGN: left" class="btn btn--flat btn--small"><!--[if !mso]><!--><A
style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; PADDING-BOTTOM: 6px; LINE-HEIGHT: 19px; BACKGROUND-COLOR: #29339b; PADDING-LEFT: 12px; PADDING-RIGHT: 12px; DISPLAY: inline-block; FONT-FAMILY: Montserrat, DejaVu Sans, Verdana, sans-serif; COLOR: #ffffff !important; FONT-SIZE: 11px; FONT-WEIGHT: bold; TEXT-DECORATION: none !important; PADDING-TOP: 6px; transition: opacity 0.1s ease-in; border-radius: 4px"
href="https://theconversationuk.cmail19.com/t/r-l-tttyudo-nljldnkrt-yd/">Read
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